Bendetson Jesse, Swann Mandy C, Lozano Alicia, West Jennifer, Hanlon Alexandra L, Crandell Ian, Jatta Maimuna, Schleupner Charles J, Baffoe-Bonnie Anthony
Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA.
Infection Prevention and Control Section, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 27;11(3):556. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030556.
Vaccine hesitancy amongst healthcare workers (HCWs) has been a major challenge throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. While many studies have identified HCW characteristics and specific attitudes associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, researchers are still working towards developing a holistic understanding of the psychological constructs that influence COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in this population. Between 15 March and 29 March 2021, we distributed an online survey assessing individual characteristics and vaccine-related perceptions to employees of a not-for-profit healthcare system in Southwest Virginia (N = 2459). We then performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to describe patterns of vaccine-related thought amongst HCWs and identify latent psychometric constructs involved in vaccine decision-making. The goodness of model fit was assessed using the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency and reliability of each factor were assessed using Cronbach's alpha. EFA identified four latent psychometric constructs: Lack of trust in the COVID-19 vaccine; Anti-science sentiment; Adverse side-effects; and Situational risk assessment. The goodness of EFA model fit was adequate (TLI > 0.90, RMSEA ≤ 0.08) with acceptable internal consistency and reliability for three of four factors (Cronbach's alpha > 0.70). The CFA model also had adequate goodness of fit (CFI > 0.90, RMSEA ≤ 0.08). We believe the psychometric constructs identified in this study can provide a useful framework for interventions to improve vaccine uptake amongst this critical population.
在整个新冠疫情期间，医护人员对疫苗的犹豫态度一直是一项重大挑战。尽管许多研究已经确定了与新冠疫苗犹豫相关的医护人员特征和具体态度，但研究人员仍在努力全面理解影响这一人群新冠疫苗决策的心理结构。2021年3月15日至3月29日，我们向弗吉尼亚州西南部一个非营利性医疗系统的员工发放了一份在线调查问卷，评估个人特征和与疫苗相关的认知（N = 2459）。然后，我们进行了探索性因子分析（EFA）和验证性因子分析（CFA），以描述医护人员中与疫苗相关的思维模式，并确定疫苗决策中涉及的潜在心理测量结构。使用塔克 - 刘易斯指数（TLI）、比较拟合指数（CFI）和近似均方根误差（RMSEA）评估模型拟合优度。使用克朗巴哈系数评估每个因子的内部一致性和可靠性。探索性因子分析确定了四个潜在的心理测量结构：对新冠疫苗缺乏信任；反科学情绪；不良副作用；以及情境风险评估。探索性因子分析模型的拟合优度良好（TLI > 0.90，RMSEA ≤ 0.08），四个因子中的三个具有可接受的内部一致性和可靠性（克朗巴哈系数 > 0.70）。验证性因子分析模型的拟合优度也良好（CFI > 0.90，RMSEA ≤ 0.08）。我们相信，本研究中确定的心理测量结构可为干预措施提供一个有用的框架，以提高这一关键人群的疫苗接种率。
