Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Mol Cell Proteomics. 2023 Jun;22(6):100539. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100539. Epub 2023 Mar 31.
To date, studies of development have mainly focused on the embryonic stage and a short time thereafter. There has been little research on the whole life of an individual from childhood to aging and death. For the first time, we used noninvasive urinary proteome technology to track changes in several important developmental time points in a group of rats, covering 10 time points from childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood, and near-death in old age. Similar to previous studies on puberty, proteins were detected and they are involved in sexual or reproductive maturation, mature spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules (first seen), gonadal hormones, decline of estradiol, brain growth, and central nervous system myelination, and our differential protein enrichment pathways also included reproductive system development, tube development, response to hormone, response to estradiol, brain development, and neuron development. Similar to previous studies in young adults, proteins were detected and they are involved in musculoskeletal maturity, peak bone mass, development of the immune system, and growth and physical development, and our differential proteins enrichment pathways also included skeletal system development, bone regeneration, system development, immune system processes, myeloid leukocyte differentiation, and developmental growth. Studies on aging-related changes in neurons and neurogenesis have been reported, and we also found relevant pathways in aged rats, such as regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity and positive regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity. However, at all time points throughout life, there were many biological pathways revealed by differential urinary protein enrichment involving multiple organs, tissues, systems, etc. that have not been mentioned in existing studies. This study shows comprehensive and detailed changes in rat lifetime development through the urinary proteome, helping to fill the gap in development research. Moreover, it provides a new approach to monitoring changes in human health and diseases of aging using the urinary proteome.
迄今为止，发育研究主要集中在胚胎阶段及其之后的短时间内。对于个体从儿童期到衰老和死亡的整个生命周期的研究甚少。我们首次使用非侵入性尿蛋白质组技术在一组大鼠中跟踪多个重要发育时间点的变化，涵盖了从儿童期、青春期、青年期、中年期到老年末期的 10 个时间点。与之前关于青春期的研究类似，检测到了参与性或生殖成熟、曲细精管中成熟精子（首次出现）、性腺激素、雌二醇下降、大脑生长和中枢神经系统髓鞘形成的蛋白质，我们的差异蛋白富集途径还包括生殖系统发育、管发育、激素反应、雌二醇反应、大脑发育和神经元发育。与之前关于青年期的研究类似，检测到了参与肌肉骨骼成熟、峰值骨量、免疫系统发育以及生长和身体发育的蛋白质，我们的差异蛋白富集途径还包括骨骼系统发育、骨再生、系统发育、免疫系统过程、髓样白细胞分化和发育生长。已有研究报道了与神经元和神经发生相关的衰老变化，我们还在老年大鼠中发现了相关途径，如神经元突触可塑性调节和长期神经元突触可塑性的正调节。然而，在整个生命周期的所有时间点，都有许多涉及多个器官、组织、系统等的差异尿蛋白富集的生物学途径尚未在现有研究中提及。本研究通过尿蛋白质组学展示了大鼠终生发育的全面和详细变化，有助于填补发育研究的空白。此外，它为使用尿蛋白质组监测人类健康和衰老相关疾病的变化提供了一种新方法。
