Brautsch Louise Ayoe Sparvath, Zinckernagel Line, Kragh Astrid Marie Rolin, Hansen Carolina Malta, Kristensen Astrid Lykke Storgaard, Andersen Susan
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Danish Committee for Health Education, Classensgade 71, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Resusc Plus. 2023 Mar 24;14:100378. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100378. eCollection 2023 Jun.
To increase survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Denmark, volunteer responders are activated through a smartphone application (HeartRunner app) to quickly locate an automated external defibrillator (AED) and assist with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). All dispatched volunteer responders who have been activated by the app receive a follow-up questionnaire to evaluate their participation in the programme. The content of the questionnaire has never been thoroughly evaluated. We therefore aimed to validate the content of the questionnaire.
Content validity was evaluated qualitatively. It was based on individual interviews with three experts, along with three focus group interviews and five individual interviews using cognitive interview technique, with a total of 19 volunteer responders. The interviews were also used to inform refinements of the questionnaire to reach improvements in content validity.
The initial questionnaire consisted of 23 items. After the content validation process, the questionnaire consisted of 32 items; with the addition of 9 new items. Specifically, some original items were merged into one item or divided into separate items. Moreover, we revised the order of items, some sentences were rephrased or reworded, an introduction and headlines to different sections were added, and skip logic were incorporated to hide non-relevant items.
Our findings support the importance of validating questionnaires to ensure accuracy of survey instruments. Validation led to modifications of the questionnaire, and we propose a new version of the HeartRunner questionnaire. Our findings support the content validity of the final HeartRunner questionnaire. The questionnaire may allow the collection of quality data to evaluate and improve volunteer responder programmes.
为提高丹麦院外心脏骤停（OHCA）后的生存率，通过一款智能手机应用程序（HeartRunner应用）激活志愿者急救人员，以便快速找到自动体外除颤器（AED）并协助进行心肺复苏（CPR）。所有通过该应用程序被激活并派遣的志愿者急救人员都会收到一份后续调查问卷，以评估他们对该项目的参与情况。该调查问卷的内容从未经过全面评估。因此，我们旨在验证该调查问卷的内容。
采用定性方法评估内容效度。基于对三位专家的个人访谈、三次焦点小组访谈以及运用认知访谈技术对19名志愿者急救人员进行的五次个人访谈。这些访谈还用于为改进调查问卷提供信息，以提高内容效度。
最初的调查问卷包含23个项目。经过内容验证过程后，调查问卷包含32个项目，新增了9个项目。具体而言，一些原始项目被合并为一个项目或拆分为单独的项目。此外，我们修改了项目顺序，重新表述或改写了一些句子，添加了不同部分的引言和标题，并纳入了跳答逻辑以隐藏不相关的项目。
我们的研究结果支持验证调查问卷以确保调查工具准确性的重要性。验证导致了调查问卷的修改，我们提出了HeartRunner调查问卷的新版本。我们的研究结果支持最终HeartRunner调查问卷的内容效度。该调查问卷可能有助于收集高质量数据，以评估和改进志愿者急救人员项目。
