Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora e Preventiva, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Faculdade de Odontologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2023 Mar 31;31:e20220410. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0410. eCollection 2023.
Regular use of toothpaste with fluoride (F) concentrations of ≥ 1000 ppm has been shown to contribute to reducing caries increment. However, when used by children during the period of dental development, it can lead to dental fluorosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of a toothpaste formulation with reduced fluoride (F) concentration (200 ppm) supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP: 0.2%), Xylitol (X:16%), and Erythritol (E: 4%) on dental enamel demineralization.
Bovine enamel blocks were selected according to initial surface hardness (SHi) and then divided into seven experimental toothpaste groups (n=12). These groups included 1) no F-TMP-X-E (Placebo); 2) 16% Xylitol and 4% Erythritol (X-E); 3) 16% Xylitol, 4% Erythritol and 0.2%TMP (X-E-TMP); 4) 200 ppm F (no X-E-TMP: (200F)); 5) 200 ppm F and 0.2% TMP (200F-TMP); 200 ppm F, 16% Xylitol, 4% Erythritol, and 0.2% TMP (200F-X-E-TMP); and 7) 1,100 ppm F (1100F). Blocks were individually treated 2×/day with slurries of toothpastes and subjected to a pH cycling regimen for five days (DES: 6 hours and RE: 18 hours). Then, the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SH), integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN), fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) in enamel were determined. The data were analyzed by ANOVA (1-criterion) and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.001).
We found that the 200F-X-E-TMP treatment reduced %SH by 43% compared to the 1100F treatments (p<0.001). The ΔKHN was ~ 65% higher with 200F-X-E-TMP compared to 1100F (p<0.001). The highest concentration of F in enamel was observed on the 1100F treatment (p<0.001). The 200F-X-E-TMP treatment promote higher increase of Ca and P concentration in the enamel (p<0.001).
The association of 200F-X-E-TMP led to a significant increase of the protective effect on enamel demineralization compared to the 1100F toothpaste.
研究表明，经常使用氟浓度≥1000ppm 的含氟牙膏有助于减少龋齿的发生。然而，当儿童在牙齿发育期间使用时，可能会导致氟斑牙。本研究旨在评估一种含氟（F）浓度（200ppm）降低的牙膏配方（含 0.2%三聚磷酸钠（TMP）、16%木糖醇（X）和 4%赤藓糖醇（E））对牙釉质脱矿的体外影响。
根据初始表面硬度（SHi）选择牛牙釉质块，然后将其分为 7 个实验牙膏组（n=12）。这些组包括 1）无 F-TMP-X-E（安慰剂）；2）16%木糖醇和 4%赤藓糖醇（X-E）；3）16%木糖醇、4%赤藓糖醇和 0.2%三聚磷酸钠（X-E-TMP）；4）200ppm F（无 X-E-TMP：（200F）；5）200ppm F 和 0.2%TMP（200F-TMP）；6）200ppm F、16%木糖醇、4%赤藓糖醇和 0.2%三聚磷酸钠（200F-X-E-TMP）；和 7）1100ppm F（1100F）。每天两次用牙膏糊处理块，并进行 pH 循环治疗 5 天（DES：6 小时和 RE：18 小时）。然后，测定釉质表面硬度损失百分比（%SH）、亚表面硬度综合损失（ΔKHN）、氟（F）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）在釉质中的含量。数据采用单因素方差分析（1 准则）和学生-纽曼-凯尔斯检验（p<0.001）进行分析。
我们发现，与 1100F 处理相比，200F-X-E-TMP 处理使%SH 降低了 43%（p<0.001）。与 1100F 相比，200F-X-E-TMP 的ΔKHN 高约 65%（p<0.001）。在釉质中观察到的 F 浓度最高是在 1100F 处理组（p<0.001）。200F-X-E-TMP 处理可促进釉质中 Ca 和 P 浓度的显著增加（p<0.001）。
与 1100F 牙膏相比，200F-X-E-TMP 的联合使用对牙釉质脱矿具有显著的保护作用。
