Bartolini Emanuele, Ferrari Anna Rita, Fiori Simona, Della Vecchia Stefania
Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy.
Tuscany PhD Programme in Neurosciences, 50139 Florence, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Mar 29;12(7):2580. doi: 10.3390/jcm12072580.
Cerebral excitability and systemic metabolic balance are closely interconnected. Energy supply to neurons depends critically on glucose, whose fluctuations can promote immediate hyperexcitability resulting in acute symptomatic seizures. On the other hand, chronic disorders of sugar metabolism (e.g., diabetes mellitus) are often associated with long-term epilepsy. In this paper, we aim to review the existing knowledge on the association between acute and chronic glycaemic imbalances (hyper- and hypoglycaemia) with seizures and epilepsy, especially in the developing brain, focusing on clinical and instrumental features in order to optimize the care of children and adolescents and prevent the development of chronic neurological conditions in young patients.
大脑兴奋性与全身代谢平衡密切相关。神经元的能量供应严重依赖葡萄糖，其波动可促使立即出现过度兴奋，导致急性症状性癫痫发作。另一方面，糖代谢的慢性紊乱（如糖尿病）常与长期癫痫相关。在本文中，我们旨在综述关于急性和慢性血糖失衡（高血糖和低血糖）与癫痫发作及癫痫之间关联的现有知识，特别是在发育中的大脑中，重点关注临床和仪器检查特征，以优化儿童和青少年的护理，并预防年轻患者慢性神经系统疾病的发生。
