Zheng Dandan, Ruan Huitong, Chen Wei, Zhang Yuhui, Cui Wenguo, Chen Hao, Shen Hongxing
Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, PR China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Bioact Mater. 2022 Aug 11;25:500-526. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.07.022. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-scale vesicles derived by cell secretion with unique advantages such as promoting cell proliferation, anti-inflammation, promoting blood vessels and regulating cell differentiation, which benefit their wide applications in regenerative medicine. However, the therapeutic effect of EVs still greatly restricted by several obstacles, including the off-targetability, rapid blood clearance, and undesired release. To address these issues, biomedical engineering techniques are vastly explored. This review summarizes different strategies to enhance EV functions from the perspective of drug loading, modification, and combination of biomaterials, and emphatically introduces the latest developments of functionalized EV-loaded biomaterials in different diseases, including cardio-vascular system diseases, osteochondral disorders, wound healing, nerve injuries. Challenges and future directions of EVs are also discussed.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由细胞分泌产生的纳米级囊泡，具有促进细胞增殖、抗炎、促进血管生成和调节细胞分化等独特优势，这使其在再生医学中具有广泛应用。然而，EVs的治疗效果仍受到多种障碍的极大限制，包括脱靶性、血液中快速清除以及意外释放。为解决这些问题，人们对生物医学工程技术进行了广泛探索。本综述从药物负载、修饰以及生物材料组合的角度总结了增强EV功能的不同策略，并着重介绍了负载功能化EV的生物材料在不同疾病中的最新进展，包括心血管系统疾病、骨软骨疾病、伤口愈合、神经损伤等。同时也讨论了EVs面临的挑战和未来发展方向。
