Department of Neurology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Yu'lin, Yu'lin, Shaanxi, China.
Brain Behav. 2023 May;13(5):e2987. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2987. Epub 2023 Apr 16.
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is extensively involved in causing ischemic stroke, pathological damage of ischemic brain injury, and neural tissue repair after ischemic brain injury. However, the precise role of HMGB1 in ischemic stroke remains to be elucidated.
Comprehensive literature search and narrative review to summarize the current field of HMGB1 in cerebral ischemic based on the basic structure, structural modification, and functional roles of HMGB1 described in the literature.
Studies have exhibited the crucial roles of HMGB1 in cell death, immunity and inflammation, thrombosis, and remodeling and repair. HMGB1 released after cerebral infarction is extensively involved in the pathological injury process in the early stage of cerebral infarction, whereas it is involved in the promotion of brain tissue repair and remodeling in the late stage of cerebral infarction. HMGB1 plays a neurotrophic role in acute white matter stroke, whereas it causes sustained activation of inflammation and plays a damaging role in chronic white matter ischemia.
HMGB1 plays a complex role in cerebral infarction, which is related to not only the modification of HMGB1 and bound receptors but also different stages and subtypes of cerebral infarction. future studies on HMGB1 should investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of HMGB1 after cerebral infarction. Moreover, future studies on HMGB1 should attempt to integrate different stages and infarct subtypes of cerebral infarction.
高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1）广泛参与缺血性卒中的发生、缺血性脑损伤的病理损害以及缺血性脑损伤后的神经组织修复。然而，HMGB1 在缺血性卒中中的确切作用仍有待阐明。
全面的文献检索和叙述性综述，基于文献中描述的 HMGB1 的基本结构、结构修饰和功能作用，总结 HMGB1 在脑缺血领域的当前研究状况。
研究表明 HMGB1 在细胞死亡、免疫和炎症、血栓形成以及重塑和修复中发挥着关键作用。脑梗死释放的 HMGB1 广泛参与脑梗死早期的病理损伤过程，而在脑梗死晚期则参与促进脑组织修复和重塑。HMGB1 在急性脑白质卒中中有神经保护作用，而在慢性脑白质缺血中则持续激活炎症并发挥损伤作用。
HMGB1 在脑梗死中发挥着复杂的作用，这不仅与 HMGB1 的修饰和结合受体有关，还与脑梗死的不同阶段和亚型有关。未来关于 HMGB1 的研究应探讨脑梗死发生后 HMGB1 的时空动态变化。此外，未来关于 HMGB1 的研究应尝试整合脑梗死的不同阶段和梗死亚型。
