Office of Research on Women's Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Population Dynamics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Transl Behav Med. 2024 Jan 11;14(1):13-22. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibad014.
Gender is a social and structural variable that encompasses multiple domains, each of which influences health: gender identity and expression, gender roles and norms, gendered power relations, and gender equality and equity. As such, gender has far-reaching impacts on health. Additional research is needed to continue delineating and untangling the effects of gender from the effects of sex and other biological variables. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) vision for women's health is a world in which the influence of sex and/or gender are integrated into the health research enterprise. However, much of the NIH-supported research on gender and health has, to date, been limited to a small number of conditions (e.g., HIV, mental health, pregnancy) and locations (e.g., sub-Saharan Africa; India). Opportunities exist to support transdisciplinary knowledge transfer and interdisciplinary knowledge building by advancing health-related social science research that incorporates best practices from disciplines that have well-established methods, theories, and frameworks for examining the health impacts of gender and other social, cultural, and structural variables.
性别是一个涵盖多个领域的社会和结构变量，每个领域都影响着健康：性别认同和表达、性别角色和规范、性别权力关系以及性别平等和公平。因此，性别对健康有着深远的影响。需要进一步的研究来继续区分和理清性别与性和其他生物变量的影响。美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）对妇女健康的愿景是一个将性别的影响纳入健康研究的世界。然而，迄今为止，NIH 支持的关于性别和健康的研究大多仅限于少数几种情况（例如，艾滋病毒、心理健康、怀孕）和地点（例如，撒哈拉以南非洲；印度）。通过支持跨学科知识转移和跨学科知识建设，为纳入从具有成熟方法、理论和框架的学科中获得的最佳实践的与健康相关的社会科学研究提供机会，这些学科可以用来研究性别以及其他社会、文化和结构变量对健康的影响。
