Ginsberg Leah, McDonald Robin, Lin Qinchen, Hendrickx Rodinde, Spigolon Giada, Ravichandran Guruswami, Daraio Chiara, Roumeli Eleftheria
Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Quant Plant Biol. 2022 Jan 21;3:e1. doi: 10.1017/qpb.2021.15. eCollection 2022.
Studies on the mechanics of plant cells usually focus on understanding the effects of turgor pressure and properties of the cell wall (CW). While the functional roles of the underlying cytoskeleton have been studied, the extent to which it contributes to the mechanical properties of cells is not elucidated. Here, we study the contributions of the CW, microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs), in the mechanical properties of cells. We use a multiscale biomechanical assay comprised of atomic force microscopy and micro-indentation in solutions that (i) remove MTs and AFs and (ii) alter osmotic pressures in the cells. To compare measurements obtained by the two mechanical tests, we develop two generative statistical models to describe the cell's behaviour using one or both datasets. Our results illustrate that MTs and AFs contribute significantly to cell stiffness and dissipated energy, while confirming the dominant role of turgor pressure.
对植物细胞力学的研究通常集中在理解膨压和细胞壁（CW）特性的影响上。虽然已经研究了潜在细胞骨架的功能作用，但尚未阐明其对细胞力学特性的贡献程度。在这里，我们研究细胞壁、微管（MTs）和肌动蛋白丝（AFs）对细胞力学特性的贡献。我们使用一种多尺度生物力学测定法，该方法由原子力显微镜和在溶液中的微压痕组成，这些溶液（i）去除微管和肌动蛋白丝，（ii）改变细胞内的渗透压。为了比较通过两种力学测试获得的测量结果，我们开发了两个生成统计模型，使用一个或两个数据集来描述细胞的行为。我们的结果表明，微管和肌动蛋白丝对细胞刚度和耗散能量有显著贡献，同时证实了膨压的主导作用。
