Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 25;18(4):e0282089. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282089. eCollection 2023.
Obesity and menopause lead to cardiovascular diseases. Calorie restriction (CR) can modulate estrogen deficiency and obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. The protective effects of CR and estradiol on cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized obese rats were explored in this study. The adult female Wistar rats were divided into sham and ovariectomized (OVX) groups that received a high-fat diet (60% HFD) or standard diet (SD) or 30% CR for 16 weeks, and then, 1mg/kg E2 (17-β estradiol) was injected intraperitoneally every 4 days for four weeks in OVX-rats. Hemodynamic parameters were evaluated before and after each diet. Heart tissues were collected for biochemical, histological, and molecular analysis. HFD consumption led to weight gain in sham and OVX rats. In contrast, CR and E2 led to body weight loss in these animals. Also, heart weight (HW), heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio, and left ventricular weight (LVW) were enhanced in OVX rats that received SD and HFD. E2 reduced these indexes in both diet conditions but reduction effects of CR were seen only in HFD groups. HFD and SD feeding increased hemodynamic parameters, ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) mRNA expression, and TGF-β1(transforming growth factor-beta 1) protein level in the OVX animals, while CR and E2 reduced these factors. Cardiomyocyte diameter and hydroxyproline content were increased in the OVX-HFD groups. Nevertheless, CR and E2 decreased these indicators. The results showed that CR and E2 treatment reduced obesity-induced-cardiac hypertrophy in ovariectomized groups (20% and 24% respectively). CR appears to have almost as reducing effects as estrogen therapy on cardiac hypertrophy. The findings suggest that CR can be considered a therapeutic candidate for postmenopausal cardiovascular disease.
肥胖和绝经会导致心血管疾病。热量限制（CR）可以调节雌激素缺乏和肥胖相关的心血管疾病。本研究旨在探讨 CR 和雌二醇对去卵巢肥胖大鼠心脏肥大的保护作用。将成年雌性 Wistar 大鼠分为假手术组和去卵巢组（OVX），OVX 组给予高脂肪饮食（60% HFD）或标准饮食（SD）或 30% CR，16 周后，OVX 大鼠每 4 天腹腔注射 1mg/kg E2（17-β 雌二醇），持续 4 周。在每种饮食前后评估血流动力学参数。收集心脏组织进行生化、组织学和分子分析。HFD 摄入导致 sham 和 OVX 大鼠体重增加。相比之下，CR 和 E2 导致这些动物体重减轻。此外，SD 和 HFD 喂养的 OVX 大鼠心脏重量（HW）、HW/体重（HW/BW）比值和左心室重量（LVW）增加。E2 在两种饮食条件下降低了这些指标，但 CR 的降低作用仅见于 HFD 组。HFD 和 SD 喂养增加了 OVX 动物的血流动力学参数、ANP（心房利钠肽）mRNA 表达和 TGF-β1（转化生长因子-β1）蛋白水平，而 CR 和 E2 降低了这些因素。OVX-HFD 组的心肌细胞直径和羟脯氨酸含量增加。然而，CR 和 E2 降低了这些指标。结果表明，CR 和 E2 治疗可减少去卵巢组肥胖引起的心脏肥大（分别为 20%和 24%）。CR 对心脏肥大的作用似乎与雌激素治疗相当。研究结果表明，CR 可被视为绝经后心血管疾病的治疗候选药物。
