用于预防阿尔茨海默病性痴呆的日常移动数字技术:认知健康与认知安全
[Mobile everyday-life digital technologies for the prevention of Alzheimer's dementia: cognitive health and cognitive safety].
作者信息
Düzel Emrah, Thyrian Jochen René
机构信息
Institut für Kognitive Neurologie und Demenzforschung, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Str 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Deutschland.
Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Standort Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland.
出版信息
Nervenarzt. 2023 May;94(5):400-407. doi: 10.1007/s00115-023-01478-4. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
It is generally accepted that the treatment of Alzheimer's disease should be flanked by preventive measures for risk reduction in order to maintain cognitive functions for as long as possible; however, the research and development of treatment concepts are both faced with challenges. The preventive risk reduction necessitates a high level of coordination of neurology and psychiatry with other disciplines. Also, patients must develop a high level of health competence and summon up self-motivation and adherence. This concept article deals with the question of how mobile everyday-life digital technologies can help to address these challenges. The core prerequisite is the interdisciplinary coordinated structuring of prevention with the focus on cognitive health and cognitive safety. Cognitive health relates to a reduction of risk factors associated with lifestyle. Cognitive safety concerns the avoidance of iatrogenic side effects on cognitive functions. Digital technologies that are relevant in this context are mobile apps based on smartphones or tablets for everyday-life and high-frequency recording of cognitive functions, apps that can coach the implementation of lifestyle changes as companion technologies, apps that can assist in the reduction of iatrogenic risks and those that can improve the health competence of patients and relatives. The state of development of such medical products is at different stages of progress. Therefore, this concept article does not provide a review of existing products but rather deals with the fundamental interplay of potential solutions in the prevention of Alzheimer dementia in the areas of cognitive health and cognitive safety.
人们普遍认为,阿尔茨海默病的治疗应辅以降低风险的预防措施,以便尽可能长时间地维持认知功能;然而,治疗理念的研发均面临挑战。预防性降低风险需要神经学和精神病学与其他学科进行高度协调。此外,患者必须培养高度的健康素养并激发自我动力和依从性。这篇概念文章探讨了移动日常生活数字技术如何有助于应对这些挑战的问题。核心前提是围绕认知健康和认知安全对预防进行跨学科协调构建。认知健康涉及减少与生活方式相关的风险因素。认知安全关注避免对认知功能产生医源性副作用。在此背景下相关的数字技术包括基于智能手机或平板电脑的用于日常生活和高频记录认知功能的移动应用程序、作为辅助技术可指导生活方式改变实施的应用程序、可协助降低医源性风险的应用程序以及可提高患者及其亲属健康素养的应用程序。此类医疗产品的发展处于不同阶段。因此,这篇概念文章并非对现有产品进行综述,而是探讨在认知健康和认知安全领域预防阿尔茨海默病痴呆潜在解决方案的基本相互作用。