Garascia Andrea, Palazzini Matteo, Tedeschi Andrea, Sacco Alice, Oliva Fabrizio, Gentile Piero
De Gasperis Cardio Center, Ospedale Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, Milano, Italia.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023 Apr 26;25(Suppl C):C283-C291. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad028. eCollection 2023 May.
Advanced heart failure (AHF) represents an ominous stage of heart failure (HF), where the expected prognosis remains poor regardless of the improvement in medical knowledge. In this review, we summarize the definition, prognosis, physiopathology, and clinical/therapeutic management of the disease, focusing on the fast and timely referral of the patient to the AHF facilities. We provide an insight of the diagnostic and therapeutic 'work up' performed in an Italian AHF hub, implying a deep phenotypical patients characterization in order to evaluate candidacy to the therapeutic gold standards as heart transplantation (HTx) and left ventricular assist device (LVAD).
晚期心力衰竭（AHF）是心力衰竭（HF）的一个凶险阶段，无论医学知识如何进步，其预期预后仍然很差。在本综述中，我们总结了该疾病的定义、预后、生理病理学以及临床/治疗管理，重点关注患者快速及时转诊至AHF治疗机构。我们深入了解了意大利一个AHF中心所进行的诊断和治疗“评估”，这意味着要对患者进行深入的表型特征分析，以便评估其接受心脏移植（HTx）和左心室辅助装置（LVAD）等治疗金标准的候选资格。
