Laboratory of Chemistry and Surface Modification, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.
Department of Material Science and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2023 May 12;34(5):23. doi: 10.1007/s10856-023-06729-z.
The aim of this work was to investigate the elution of residual monomers as a function of the manufacturing process, which are CAD/CAM manufacturing, self-curing and 3D printing. The experimental materials used consisted of the base monomers TEGDMA, Bis-GMA and Bis-EMA and 50 wt.% fillers. Additionally, a 3D printing resin without fillers was tested. The elution of the base monomers into the different media (water, ethanol and ethanol/water (75/25 vol. %)) at 37 °C over a period of up to 120 d as well as the degree of conversion (DC) by FTIR were investigated. No monomer elution could be detected in water. Most residual monomers in both other media were released from the self-curing material whereas the 3D printing composite released relatively little. The CAD/CAM blanks released hardly any quantitatively detectable amounts of monomers. Relative to the base composition, TEGDMA eluted less than Bis-GMA and Bis-EMA. DC did not correlate with residual monomer release; thus, leaching was determined not only by the amount of residual monomers present but by further factors as possibly network density and structure. The CAD/CAM blanks and the 3D printing composite showed similar high DC but lower residual monomer release from the CAD/CAM blank, likewise the self-curing composite and the 3D printing resin exhibited similar DC but different monomer elution. In terms of residual monomer elution and DC, the 3D printing composite seems promising as a new material class for the use as temporary dental crowns and bridges.
本工作旨在研究残留单体的洗脱情况，以考察制造工艺（CAD/CAM 制造、自固化和 3D 打印）的影响。实验采用的基础单体为 TEGDMA、Bis-GMA 和 Bis-EMA，以及 50wt%的填料。此外，还测试了一种不含填料的 3D 打印树脂。将基础单体洗脱至不同介质（水、乙醇和乙醇/水（75/25 体积%））中，在 37°C 下，洗脱时间长达 120 天，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）测量转化率（DC）。在水中未检测到单体洗脱。在其他两种介质中，自固化材料释放了大部分残留单体，而 3D 打印复合材料释放的相对较少。CAD/CAM 坯料几乎没有定量检测到单体释放。与基础组成相比，TEGDMA 的洗脱量少于 Bis-GMA 和 Bis-EMA。DC 与残留单体释放无关；因此，浸出不仅取决于存在的残留单体数量，还取决于其他因素，如网络密度和结构。CAD/CAM 坯料和 3D 打印复合材料的 DC 相似，但 CAD/CAM 坯料的残留单体释放量较低，自固化复合材料和 3D 打印树脂的 DC 相似，但单体洗脱不同。就残留单体洗脱和 DC 而言，3D 打印复合材料作为临时牙冠和牙桥的新材料具有很大的应用潜力。
