State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Apr 24;23(9):4237. doi: 10.3390/s23094237.
Tumor markers are important substances for assessing cancer development. In recent years, RNA tumor markers have attracted significant attention, and studies have shown that their abnormal expression of post-transcriptional regulatory genes is associated with tumor progression. Therefore, RNA tumor markers are considered as potential targets in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Many studies show that biosensors have good application prospects in the field of medical diagnosis. The application of biosensors in RNA tumor markers is developing rapidly. These sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and convenience. However, the detection abundance of RNA tumor markers is low. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, researchers have developed a variety of signal amplification strategies to enhance the detection signal. In this review, after a brief introduction of the sensing principles and designs of different biosensing platforms, we will summarize the latest research progress of electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, and fluorescent biosensors based on signal amplification strategies for detecting RNA tumor markers. This review provides a high sensitivity and good selectivity sensing platform for early-stage cancer research. It provides a new idea for the development of accurate, sensitive, and convenient biological analysis in the future, which can be used for the early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer and contribute to the reduction in the mortality rate.
肿瘤标志物是评估癌症发展的重要物质。近年来，RNA 肿瘤标志物受到了广泛关注，研究表明其转录后调控基因的异常表达与肿瘤的进展有关。因此，RNA 肿瘤标志物被认为是临床诊断和预后的潜在靶点。许多研究表明，生物传感器在医学诊断领域具有良好的应用前景。生物传感器在 RNA 肿瘤标志物中的应用正在迅速发展。这些传感器具有高灵敏度、出色的选择性和便利性等优点。然而，RNA 肿瘤标志物的检测丰度较低。为了提高检测灵敏度，研究人员开发了多种信号放大策略来增强检测信号。在这篇综述中，我们在简要介绍了不同生物传感平台的传感原理和设计之后，将总结基于信号放大策略的用于检测 RNA 肿瘤标志物的电化学、光电化学和荧光生物传感器的最新研究进展。该综述为癌症早期研究提供了一个高灵敏度和良好选择性的传感平台，为未来准确、灵敏、便捷的生物分析的发展提供了新的思路，有助于降低癌症死亡率。
