Mohammad Hassan, Chatha Wajid A, Ahmed Abdul-Latif Maha M, Hakem Al-Mijlad Nada M
Anatomy, College of Medicine/Northern Border University, Arar, SAU.
Ophthalmology, College of Medicine/Northern Border University, Arar, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Apr 19;15(4):e37834. doi: 10.7759/cureus.37834. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Background and objective Refractive defects should be detected and treated early to avoid irreversible vision loss and other potential problems in the future. In this study, we aimed to analyze the refractive errors (REs) and their relationship with gender and age. Methods This study was conducted at the Northern Border University Health Center, Arar, Saudi Arabia. REs were analyzed using spherical equivalents (SEs), cylinders, and their orientations. SEs of REs were taken as half the cylinder plus the spherical component. Emmetropia was defined as SE between -0.50 and +0.50 diopter sphere (DS), myopia as SE ≤0.50 DS, and hyperopia as SE ≥0.50 DS for adults and SE ≥1.0 for children (up to 10 years). Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package (IBM, Armonk, NY). Qualitative data were presented as frequency and percentage while quantitative data were presented as mean and standard deviation (SD). Chi-square was used as a significant test and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 240 patients were included in the study. There were 138 men and 102 females aged 3-60 years (57.5 and 42.5%, respectively). The mean age of males was 24.4 years and that of females was 25.5 years. The p-value was statistically significant in terms of analysis with age. The study found an association between age and RE magnitude and variability. Conclusion Based on our findings, RE is a common problem that affects individuals of all ages. Regular screenings are advised for individuals in order to detect REs early.
屈光不正应尽早被检测和治疗，以避免未来不可逆转的视力丧失和其他潜在问题。在本研究中，我们旨在分析屈光不正（REs）及其与性别和年龄的关系。方法：本研究在沙特阿拉伯阿拉尔的北部边境大学健康中心进行。使用球镜等效度数（SEs）、柱镜及其轴向分析REs。REs的SEs取柱镜度数的一半加上球镜度数。正视被定义为球镜度数（DS）在-0.50至+0.50屈光度之间，近视定义为成人SE≤0.50 DS，远视定义为成人SE≥0.50 DS，儿童（10岁及以下）SE≥1.0。使用IBM SPSS Statistics软件包（IBM，纽约州阿蒙克）进行统计分析。定性数据以频率和百分比表示，定量数据以均值和标准差（SD）表示。卡方检验用作显著性检验，p值<0.05被认为具有统计学显著性。结果：本研究共纳入240例患者。年龄在3至60岁之间，其中男性138例，女性102例（分别占57.5%和42.5%）。男性的平均年龄为24.4岁，女性为25.5岁。在年龄分析方面，p值具有统计学显著性。该研究发现年龄与RE的程度和变异性之间存在关联。结论：基于我们的研究结果，屈光不正是一个影响所有年龄段人群的常见问题。建议对个体进行定期筛查，以便早期发现屈光不正。
