Siraj Yesuf, Galderisi Umberto, Alessio Nicola
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 May 9;11:1148761. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1148761. eCollection 2023.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population containing multipotent adult stem cells with a multi-lineage differentiation capacity, which differentiated into mesodermal derivatives. MSCs are employed for therapeutic purposes and several investigations have demonstrated that the positive effects of MSC transplants are due to the capacity of MSCs to modulate tissue homeostasis and repair via the activity of their secretome. Indeed, the MSC-derived secretomes are now an alternative strategy to cell transplantation due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative effects. The cellular senescence is a dynamic process that leads to permanent cell cycle arrest, loss of healthy cells' physiological functions and acquiring new activities, which are mainly accrued through the release of many factors, indicated as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The senescence occurring in stem cells, such as those present in MSCs, may have detrimental effects on health since it can undermine tissue homeostasis and repair. The analysis of MSC secretome is important either for the MSC transplants and for the therapeutic use of secretome. Indeed, the secretome of MSCs, which is the main mechanism of their therapeutic activity, loses its beneficial functions and acquire negative pro-inflammatory and pro-aging activities when MSCs become senescent. When MSCs or their derivatives are planned to be used for therapeutic purposes, great attention must be paid to these changes. In this review, we analyzed changes occurring in MSC secretome following the switch from healthy to senescence status.
间充质基质细胞（MSCs）是一个异质性群体，包含具有多谱系分化能力的多能成体干细胞，可分化为中胚层衍生物。MSCs被用于治疗目的，多项研究表明，MSC移植的积极效果归因于MSCs通过其分泌组的活性来调节组织稳态和修复的能力。事实上，由于其抗炎、抗凋亡和再生作用，源自MSCs的分泌组现在是细胞移植的一种替代策略。细胞衰老 是一个动态过程，会导致细胞周期永久停滞、健康细胞生理功能丧失并获得新的活性，这些主要是通过释放许多被称为衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）的因子积累而来。干细胞（如MSCs中存在的干细胞）中发生的衰老可能对健康产生有害影响，因为它会破坏组织稳态和修复。对MSC分泌组的分析对于MSC移植和分泌组的治疗应用都很重要。事实上，MSCs的分泌组是其治疗活性的主要机制，当MSCs衰老时，其分泌组会失去有益功能，并获得促炎和促衰老的负面活性。当计划将MSCs或其衍生物用于治疗目的时，必须高度关注这些变化。在本综述中，我们分析了MSCs从健康状态转变为衰老状态后其分泌组发生的变化。
