Ma Xiuhua, Kong Yaoyao, Xu Houguo, Bi Qingzhu, Liang Mengqing, Mai Kangsen, Zhang Yanjiao
Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) & Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Apr 26;12(5):650. doi: 10.3390/biology12050650.
A nine-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate changes in the intestinal microbiota of turbot in response to alternate feeding between terrestrially sourced oil (TSO)- and fish oil (FO)-based diets. The following three feeding strategies were designed: (1) continuous feeding with the FO-based diet (FO group); (2) weekly alternate feeding between soybean oil (SO)- and FO-based diets (SO/FO group); and (3) weekly alternate feeding between beef tallow (BT)- and FO-based diets (BT/FO group). An intestinal bacterial community analysis showed that alternate feeding reshaped the intestinal microbial composition. Higher species richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota were observed in the alternate-feeding groups. A PCoA analysis showed that the samples clustered separately according to the feeding strategy, and among the three groups, the SO/FO group clustered relatively closer to the BT/FO group. The alternate feeding significantly decreased the abundance of and selectively enriched specific microorganisms, including short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, digestive bacteria ( and ), and several potential pathogens ( and ). Alternate feeding may maintain the intestinal microbiota balance by improving the connectivity of the ecological network and increasing the competitive interactions within the ecological network. The alternate feeding significantly upregulated the KEGG pathways of fatty acid and lipid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism in the intestinal microbiota. Meanwhile, the upregulation of the KEGG pathway of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis indicates a potential risk for intestinal health. In conclusion, short-term alternate feeding between dietary lipid sources reshapes the intestinal microecology of the juvenile turbot, possibly resulting in both positive and negative effects.
进行了一项为期九周的饲养试验，以研究大菱鲆肠道微生物群因以陆地来源油（TSO）和鱼油（FO）为基础的饲料交替投喂而发生的变化。设计了以下三种投喂策略：（1）持续投喂以FO为基础的饲料（FO组）；（2）每周在以大豆油（SO）和FO为基础的饲料之间交替投喂（SO/FO组）；（3）每周在以牛脂（BT）和FO为基础的饲料之间交替投喂（BT/FO组）。肠道细菌群落分析表明，交替投喂重塑了肠道微生物组成。在交替投喂组中观察到肠道微生物群具有更高的物种丰富度和多样性。主坐标分析（PCoA）表明，样本根据投喂策略分别聚类，在三组中，SO/FO组聚类相对更接近BT/FO组。交替投喂显著降低了[具体细菌名称未给出]的丰度，并选择性地富集了特定微生物，包括产生短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的细菌、消化细菌（[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]）以及几种潜在病原体（[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]）。交替投喂可能通过改善生态网络的连通性和增加生态网络内的竞争相互作用来维持肠道微生物群平衡。交替投喂显著上调了肠道微生物群中脂肪酸和脂质代谢、聚糖生物合成以及氨基酸代谢的KEGG通路。同时，脂多糖生物合成KEGG通路的上调表明对肠道健康存在潜在风险。总之，日粮脂质来源之间的短期交替投喂重塑了幼龄大菱鲆的肠道微生态，可能产生积极和消极两种影响。
