老年艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者；更多口腔问题；罗马尼亚牙科专业人士的观点

Ageing People Living with HIV/AIDS, PLWHA; More Dental Challenges; the Romanian Dental Professional's Point of View.

作者信息

Caministeanu Florentina, Manolescu Loredana Sabina Cornelia, Malița Mădălina Adriana, Perieanu Viorel Ștefan, Marcov Elena Cristina, Babiuc Iuliana, Ionescu Camelia, Pîrvu Cristina Florentina, Costea Radu Catalin, Voinescu Ioana, Burlibasa Liliana, Prasacu Irina, Burlibasa Mihai

机构信息

Department of Dental Technology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

出版信息

Life (Basel). 2023 Apr 27;13(5):1096. doi: 10.3390/life13051096.

DOI:10.3390/life13051096

PMID:37240741

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10224099/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In Romania, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) were first acknowledged in 1989. Getting older with HIV/AIDS is now possible due to antiretroviral treatment, but it can bring dental problems due to HIV itself or to the reluctance of dental professionals to treat dental problems. Our study aims to assess the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of Romanian dental professionals regarding aging PLWHA.

METHODS

An analytical cross-sectional observational survey based on a self-administered questionnaire was conducted for Romanian dental professionals from October 2022 to January 2023.

RESULTS

The responders' group profile was as follows: a mean age of 39.09 ± 0.36 years (limit: 19-75), a majority of 991 (90.01%) from urban dental offices, and 364 (33.06%) with more than twenty years' experience. A total of 517 (46.95%) responders had an unprofessional attitude and declared that, if possible, they would avoid taking part in performing dental treatments for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). There were 89 (8.08%) dental professionals that refused to work with PLWHA. Only 363 (32.97%) had worked with one previously. The dental professionals in rural areas refused PLWHA more frequently: 20% (N = 22) of rural dental professionals vs. 6.76% (N = 67) of urban dental professionals refused to work with PLWHA (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.16-.56). The logistic regression applied for the 1101 responders revealed after stepwise selection that the most influential factor for their refusal to work with PLWHA in our study group was being previously exposed to HIV during dental practice (OR = 14.45; 95% CI: 8.55- 24.42; = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONS

Dental educators and health care planners should promote the knowledge of prophylaxis and positive attitudes towards the treatment of PLWHA. Successful resolution of these concerns is time consuming and expensive but necessary if dentists are to satisfy their professional obligations to HIV/AIDS patients.

摘要

背景

在罗马尼亚，1989年首次确认了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）。由于抗逆转录病毒治疗，HIV/AIDS患者现在有可能步入老年，但这可能会因HIV本身或牙科专业人员不愿治疗牙科问题而带来牙齿问题。我们的研究旨在评估罗马尼亚牙科专业人员对老年HIV/AIDS患者的态度、知识和做法。

方法

2022年10月至2023年1月，针对罗马尼亚牙科专业人员开展了一项基于自填问卷的分析性横断面观察调查。

结果

应答者群体概况如下：平均年龄为39.09±0.36岁（范围：19 - 75岁），大多数991人（90.01%）来自城市牙科诊所，364人（33.06%）有超过20年的工作经验。共有517名（46.95%）应答者态度不专业，并宣称如果可能，他们会避免参与为HIV/AIDS患者进行牙科治疗。有89名（8.08%）牙科专业人员拒绝为HIV/AIDS患者工作。只有363名（32.97%）曾与一名HIV/AIDS患者合作过。农村地区的牙科专业人员更频繁地拒绝HIV/AIDS患者：20%（N = 22）的农村牙科专业人员拒绝为HIV/AIDS患者工作，而城市牙科专业人员中这一比例为6.76%（N = 67）（比值比 = 0.30；95%置信区间：0.16 - 0.56）。对1101名应答者进行的逻辑回归分析在逐步选择后显示，在我们的研究组中，他们拒绝为HIV/AIDS患者工作的最有影响因素是在牙科实践中曾接触过HIV（比值比 = 14.45；95%置信区间：8.55 - 24.42；P = 0.000）。