Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Mie Chuo Medical Center, Tsu 514-1101, Japan.
Viruses. 2023 Apr 29;15(5):1096. doi: 10.3390/v15051096.
This study evaluated the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the occurrence of maternal primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in Japan. We performed a nested case-control study using data from maternal CMV antibody screening under the Cytomegalovirus in Mother and infant-engaged Virus serology (CMieV) program in Mie, Japan. Pregnant women with negative IgG antibodies at ≤20 weeks of gestation who were retested at ≥28 weeks were enrolled. The study period was divided into 2015-2019 as the pre-pandemic and 2020-2022 as the pandemic period, and the study site included 26 institutions conducting the CMieV program. The incidence rate of maternal IgG seroconversion was compared between the pre-pandemic (7008 women enrolled) and pandemic (2020, 1283 women enrolled; 2021, 1100 women; and 2022, 398 women) periods. Sixty-one women in the pre-pandemic period and five, four, and five women during 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively, showed IgG seroconversion. The incidence rates in 2020 and 2021 were lower ( < 0.05) than that in the pre-pandemic period. Our data suggest a transient decrease in the incidence of maternal primary CMV infection in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic, which could be due to prevention and hygiene measures taken at the population level.
本研究评估了 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对日本产妇原发性巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染发生的影响。我们使用日本 Mie 市巨细胞病毒母婴参与病毒血清学（CMieV）计划中的母体 CMV 抗体筛查数据进行了巢式病例对照研究。纳入了在妊娠 20 周之前 IgG 抗体阴性且在 28 周后再次检测的孕妇。研究期间分为 2015-2019 年为大流行前和 2020-2022 年为大流行期间，研究地点包括开展 CMieV 计划的 26 个机构。比较了大流行前（7008 名入组者）和大流行期间（2020 年，1283 名入组者；2021 年，1100 名；和 2022 年，398 名）的产妇 IgG 血清转化率。在大流行前时期有 61 名妇女，而在 2020 年、2021 年和 2022 年分别有 5 名、4 名和 5 名妇女出现 IgG 血清转化。2020 年和 2021 年的发生率较低（<0.05）。我们的数据表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，日本产妇原发性 CMV 感染的发生率暂时下降，这可能是由于在人群层面采取了预防和卫生措施。
