Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Safety Assessment Department, Aptuit (Verona) S.r.l., an Evotec Company, Verona, Italy.
Cell Transplant. 2023 Jan-Dec;32:9636897231175968. doi: 10.1177/09636897231175968.
Fat graft is widely used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The size of the injectable product, the unpredictable fat resorption rates, and subsequent adverse effects make it tricky to inject untreated fat into the dermal layer. Mechanical emulsification of fat tissue, which Tonnard introduced, solves these problems, and the product obtained was called nanofat. Nanofat is widely used in clinical and aesthetic settings to treat facial compartments, hypertrophic and atrophic scars, wrinkle attenuation, skin rejuvenation, and alopecia. Several studies demonstrate that the tissue regeneration effects of nanofat are attributable to its rich content of adipose-derived stem cells. This study aimed to characterize product by investigating morphology, cellular yield, adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) proliferation rate and clonogenic capability, immunophenotyping, and differential potential. The percentage of SEEA3 and CD105 expression was also analyzed to establish the presence of multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (MUSE) cell. Our results showed that the kit could isolate 3.74 × 10 ± 1.31 × 10 proliferative nucleated cells for milliliter of the treated fat. Nanofat-derived ASC can grow in colonies and show high differentiation capacity into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Moreover, immunophenotyping analysis revealed the expression of MUSE cell antigen, making this nanofat enriched of pluripotent stem cell, increasing its potential in regenerative medicine. The unique characteristics of MUSE cells give a simple, feasible strategy for treating a variety of diseases.
脂肪移植在整形和重建外科中广泛应用。由于可注射产品的大小、不可预测的脂肪吸收率以及随后的不良反应，使得未经处理的脂肪直接注入真皮层变得棘手。Tonnard 引入的脂肪组织机械乳化解决了这些问题，所得产品称为纳米脂肪。纳米脂肪广泛应用于临床和美容领域，用于治疗面部隔室、肥大性和萎缩性瘢痕、皱纹减轻、皮肤年轻化和脱发。多项研究表明，纳米脂肪的组织再生效果归因于其富含脂肪来源干细胞。本研究旨在通过研究形态、细胞产量、脂肪来源干细胞（ASC）增殖率和克隆形成能力、免疫表型和差异潜能来表征该产品。还分析了 SEEA3 和 CD105 表达的百分比，以确定是否存在多能性分化应激耐受（MUSE）细胞。我们的结果表明，试剂盒可以从每毫升处理过的脂肪中分离出 3.74×10±1.31×10 个有丝分裂核细胞。纳米脂肪来源的 ASC 可以形成集落并表现出向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞和成软骨细胞分化的高能力。此外，免疫表型分析显示 MUSE 细胞抗原的表达，使这种纳米脂肪富含多能干细胞，增加了其在再生医学中的潜力。MUSE 细胞的独特特征为治疗多种疾病提供了一种简单可行的策略。
