Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology division, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Accademia del Lipofilling, Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, 61025 Pesaro, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 18;21(6):2077. doi: 10.3390/ijms21062077.
Background: Cellulite is a condition in which the skin has a dimpled lumpy appearance. The main causes of cellulite development, studied until now, comprehends modified sensitivity to estrogens, the damage of microvasculature present among dermis and hypodermis. The differences of adipose tissue architecture between male and female might make female more susceptible to cellulite. Adipose tissue is seen to be deeply modified during cellulite development. Our study tried to understand the overall features within and surrounding cellulite to apply the best therapeutic approach.
Samples of gluteal femoral area were collected from cadavers and women who had undergone surgical treatment to remove orange peel characteristics on the skin. Samples from cadavers were employed for an accurate study of cellulite using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla and for light microscopy. Specimens from patients were employed for the proteomic analysis, which was performed using high resolution mass spectroscopy (MS). Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was obtained from the samples, which was studied using MS and flow cytometry.
light and electron microscopy of the cellulite affected area showed a morphology completely different from the other usual adipose depots. In cellulite affected tissues, sweat glands associated with adipocytes were found. In particular, there were vesicles in the extracellular matrix, indicating a crosstalk between the two different components. Proteomic analysis showed that adipose tissue affected by cellulite is characterized by high degree of oxidative stress and by remodeling phenomena.
The novel aspects of this study are the peculiar morphology of adipose tissue affected by cellulite, which could influence the surgical procedures finalized to the reduction of dimpling, based on the collagen fibers cutting. The second novel aspect is the role played by the mesenchymal stem cells isolated from stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue affected by cellulite.
背景：蜂窝组织炎是一种皮肤出现凹痕、块状外观的病症。迄今为止，研究发现导致蜂窝组织炎发展的主要原因包括雌激素敏感性改变、真皮和皮下组织之间微血管损伤。男女之间脂肪组织结构的差异可能使女性更容易患蜂窝组织炎。脂肪组织在蜂窝组织炎发展过程中会发生深刻改变。我们的研究试图了解蜂窝组织炎内部和周围的整体特征，以应用最佳治疗方法。
从尸体和接受过手术以去除皮肤橙皮样特征的女性的臀部和股部区域采集样本。使用 7 特斯拉磁共振成像对尸体样本进行准确的蜂窝组织炎研究，并进行光镜检查。从患者中采集样本进行蛋白质组学分析，使用高分辨率质谱（MS）进行分析。从样本中获得基质血管部分（SVF），并使用 MS 和流式细胞术进行研究。
蜂窝组织炎受累区域的光镜和电子显微镜检查显示出与其他常见脂肪库完全不同的形态。在蜂窝组织炎受累组织中，发现了与脂肪细胞相关的汗腺。特别是，细胞外基质中有小泡，表明这两个不同成分之间存在串扰。蛋白质组学分析表明，受蜂窝组织炎影响的脂肪组织的特点是高度氧化应激和重塑现象。
本研究的新颖之处在于受蜂窝组织炎影响的脂肪组织的特殊形态，这可能会影响旨在减少凹痕的手术程序，基于对胶原纤维的切割。第二个新颖之处是从受蜂窝组织炎影响的脂肪组织基质血管部分分离出的间充质干细胞所起的作用。
