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什么造就了良好的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用稳定剂:双重结合机制的分析与应用

What Makes a Good Protein-Protein Interaction Stabilizer: Analysis and Application of the Dual-Binding Mechanism.

作者信息

Chen Shu-Yu, Zacharias Martin

机构信息

Center for Functional Protein Assemblies, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.

出版信息

ACS Cent Sci. 2023 Apr 14;9(5):969-979. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00003. eCollection 2023 May 24.

Abstract

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for biological processes including immune reactions and diseases. Inhibition of PPIs by drug-like compounds is a common basis for therapeutic approaches. In many cases the flat interface of PP complexes prevents discovery of specific compound binding to cavities on one partner and PPI inhibition. However, frequently new pockets are formed at the PP interface that allow accommodation of stabilizers which is often as desirable as inhibition but a much less explored alternative strategy. Herein, we employ molecular dynamics simulations and pocket detection to investigate 18 known stabilizers and associated PP complexes. For most cases, we find that a dual-binding mechanism, a similar stabilizer interaction strength with each protein partner, is an important prerequisite for effective stabilization. A few stabilizers follow an allosteric mechanism by stabilizing the protein bound structure and/or increase the PPI indirectly. On 226 protein-protein complexes, we find in >75% of the cases interface cavities suitable for binding of drug-like compounds. We propose a computational compound identification workflow that exploits new PP interface cavities and optimizes the dual-binding mechanism and apply it to 5 PP complexes. Our study demonstrates a great potential for PPI stabilizers discovery with a wide range of therapeutic applications.

摘要

蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPIs)对于包括免疫反应和疾病在内的生物过程至关重要。类药物化合物对PPIs的抑制作用是治疗方法的常见基础。在许多情况下,PP复合物的平面界面阻碍了发现与一个伴侣上的腔特异性结合的化合物以及PPI抑制作用。然而,PP界面经常会形成新的口袋,这使得稳定剂能够结合,这通常与抑制作用一样理想,但却是一种较少被探索的替代策略。在此,我们采用分子动力学模拟和口袋检测来研究18种已知的稳定剂及相关的PP复合物。在大多数情况下,我们发现双结合机制,即稳定剂与每个蛋白质伴侣具有相似的相互作用强度,是有效稳定化的重要前提。一些稳定剂通过稳定蛋白质结合结构和/或间接增加PPI遵循变构机制。在226个蛋白质-蛋白质复合物上,我们发现在超过75%的情况下存在适合类药物化合物结合的界面腔。我们提出了一种计算化合物识别工作流程,该流程利用新的PP界面腔并优化双结合机制,并将其应用于5个PP复合物。我们的研究表明PPI稳定剂在广泛的治疗应用中具有巨大的发现潜力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6b27/10214505/55753825e242/oc3c00003_0001.jpg

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