Foysal Md Javed
Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 May 23;9(6):e16511. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16511. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Gut microbiota is an essential determinant factor that drives the physiological, immunological, and metabolic functions of animals. A few meta-analysis studies identified crucial information about the gut microbiota of vertebrate animals in different habitats including fish while no report is yet available for the commercially cultured decapod crustaceans (DC). This meta-analysis investigated the gut microbiota of 11 commercially cultured DC species from five different groups-crab, crayfish, lobster, prawn, and shrimp to gain an overview of microbial diversity and composition and to find out core genera under two different host habitats: freshwater and saltwater. The analysis of 627 Illumina datasets from 25 published studies revealed selective patterns of diversity and compositional differences among groups and between freshwater and saltwater culture systems. The study found a salinity-dependent heterogeneous response of gut microbiota, specifically in saltwater for white shrimp, a species that can be cultured with and without salt. Overall, the genera reared in freshwater showed higher diversity in the gut microbial communities than those reared in saltwater. An overwhelming abundance of Bacilloplasma and were identified for species cultured in freshwater and saltwater system, respectively and these two species were identified as the main core genera for nine out of 11 DC species, except freshwater prawn and river prawn. Together, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of the meta-analysis in identifying the robust and reproducible features of DC gut microbiota for different groups and host habitats. The diversity information curated here could be used as a reference for future studies to differentiate various DC species under two different rearing environments.
肠道微生物群是驱动动物生理、免疫和代谢功能的重要决定因素。一些荟萃分析研究确定了包括鱼类在内的不同栖息地脊椎动物肠道微生物群的关键信息，但关于商业养殖十足目甲壳类动物（DC）的报道尚未见。这项荟萃分析调查了来自蟹、小龙虾、龙虾、对虾和虾五个不同组的11种商业养殖DC物种的肠道微生物群，以了解微生物多样性和组成的概况，并找出两种不同宿主栖息地（淡水和海水）下的核心属。对25项已发表研究的627个Illumina数据集的分析揭示了不同组之间以及淡水和海水养殖系统之间多样性和组成差异的选择性模式。该研究发现肠道微生物群对盐度有依赖性的异质反应，特别是对于白虾这种可以在有盐和无盐条件下养殖的物种，在海水中更为明显。总体而言，在淡水中养殖的属在肠道微生物群落中的多样性高于在海水中养殖的属。分别在淡水和海水系统中养殖的物种中，压倒性地大量存在芽孢杆菌属和[此处原文缺失某个属名]，除了淡水对虾和河虾外，这两个属被确定为11种DC物种中9种的主要核心属。总之，这些结果证明了荟萃分析在识别不同组和宿主栖息地DC肠道微生物群的稳健和可重复特征方面的有效性。这里整理的多样性信息可作为未来研究在两种不同养殖环境下区分各种DC物种的参考。
