基于正念的干预措施是否能改变物质依赖者的大脑功能？功能磁共振成像证据的系统评价。
Do mindfulness-based interventions change brain function in people with substance dependence? A systematic review of the fMRI evidence.
机构信息
Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Level 5 Daniel Mannix Building, 115 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 7;23(1):407. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04789-7.
BACKGROUND
Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect ~ 35 million people globally and are associated with strong cravings, stress, and brain alterations. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can mitigate the adverse psychosocial outcomes of SUDs, but the underlying neurobiology is unclear. Emerging findings were systematically synthesised from fMRI studies about MBI-associated changes in brain function in SUDs and their associations with mindfulness, drug quantity, and craving.
METHODS
PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Seven studies met inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Group by time effects indicated that MBIs in SUDs (6 tobacco and 1 opioid) were associated with changes in the function of brain pathways implicated in mindfulness and addiction (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex and striatum), which correlated with greater mindfulness, lower craving and drug quantity.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence for fMRI-related changes with MBI in SUD is currently limited. More fMRI studies are required to identify how MBIs mitigate and facilitate recovery from aberrant brain functioning in SUDs.
背景
物质使用障碍（SUDs）影响全球约 3500 万人，与强烈的渴望、压力和大脑改变有关。基于正念的干预措施（MBIs）可以减轻 SUD 的不良心理社会后果，但潜在的神经生物学机制尚不清楚。对 fMRI 研究中关于 SUD 中与正念、药物使用量和渴望相关的 MBI 相关脑功能变化及其与正念、药物使用量和渴望相关的研究进行了系统综述。
方法
在 PsycINFO、Medline、CINAHL、PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 上进行了检索。符合纳入标准的有 7 项研究。
结果
组间时间效应表明，SUD 中的 MBI（6 项与烟草有关，1 项与阿片类药物有关）与正念和成瘾相关的大脑通路功能变化有关（例如，前扣带皮层和纹状体），这与更高的正念、更低的渴望和药物使用量有关。
结论
目前，与 MBI 相关的 fMRI 相关变化的证据有限。需要更多的 fMRI 研究来确定 MBI 如何减轻和促进 SUD 中异常大脑功能的恢复。
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