Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023 Jun 1;64(7):15. doi: 10.1167/iovs.64.7.15.
To investigate the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and climate parameters.
The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based cohort study in Mainz, Germany. Participants underwent two comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations (baseline visit and five-year follow up) including non-contact tonometry, objective refraction, pachymetry, perimetry, and fundus imaging in the time frame of 2007 to 2017. The respective climate parameters were assessed at the University Mainz including temperature, air humidity, and air pressure. Associations of IOP and climatic parameters were computed using component models and cross-correlation plots. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to adjust for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, central corneal thickness, and systolic blood pressure. To further explore the link between systolic blood pressure, temperature, and IOP, an effect mediation analysis was conducted.
A total of 14,632 participants (age 55 ± 11 years at baseline, 49.1% female) were included in this analysis. Mean IOP was 14.24 ± 2.8 mm Hg at baseline. There was a similar periodic change in IOP and in temperature, as shown in the component models. IOP was not associated with air humidity. In univariable and multivariable regression analyses we found a significant association between lower IOP during the summer months with higher air temperature (B = -0.011, P < 0.001). This could be partially explained in mediation analysis by lower systolic blood pressure at higher air temperature. Furthermore, IOP was associated with air pressure in univariable (B = 0.005, P = 0.04.) and multivariable models (B = 0.006, P = 0.03).
There is a periodic annual change of IOP with higher values in winter and lower values in summer supporting the hypothesis of an impact of environmental temperature on IOP, which is partly mediated by lower systolic blood pressure in summer.
研究眼压（IOP）与气候参数之间的关系。
古腾堡健康研究（Gutenberg Health Study，GHS）是德国美因茨的一项基于人群的队列研究。参与者接受了两次全面的眼科检查（基线检查和五年随访），包括非接触眼压计、客观验光、角膜厚度计、视野检查和眼底成像，时间范围为 2007 年至 2017 年。在美因茨大学评估了相应的气候参数，包括温度、空气湿度和气压。使用分量模型和互相关图计算 IOP 与气候参数的关联。多变量回归分析用于调整年龄、性别、体重指数、糖尿病、中央角膜厚度和收缩压。为了进一步探讨收缩压、温度和 IOP 之间的联系，进行了效应中介分析。
本分析共纳入 14632 名参与者（基线时年龄为 55±11 岁，女性占 49.1%）。基线时平均 IOP 为 14.24±2.8mmHg。如分量模型所示，IOP 和温度呈相似的周期性变化。IOP 与空气湿度无关。在单变量和多变量回归分析中，我们发现夏季较低的 IOP 与较高的空气温度之间存在显著关联（B=-0.011，P<0.001）。在中介分析中，这部分可以通过较高的空气温度下较低的收缩压来解释。此外，IOP 与气压在单变量（B=0.005，P=0.04）和多变量模型（B=0.006，P=0.03）中均相关。
IOP 呈周期性年度变化，冬季较高，夏季较低，支持环境温度对 IOP 有影响的假说，这部分是由夏季较低的收缩压介导的。
