Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2023 May 30;28(11):4428. doi: 10.3390/molecules28114428.
This study identified phytochemicals in extracts that are responsible for its medicinal properties, and the best solvent for their extraction. The extracts of the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits of were prepared at low (corresponding to room temperature) and high temperatures (corresponding to the boiling points) in various solvents, viz., hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and HO. The UV-visible absorption spectra of various phytoconstituents in the isolated extracts were determined through spectrophotometry. Qualitative tests for the screening of phytoconstituents in the extracts were performed to identify various phytochemicals. We identified the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and carbohydrates in the plant extracts. The antioxidant and anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (anti-HIV-1RT) potential, as well as the antibacterial activity of various extracts were determined. These extracts showed strong antioxidant activities. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities against , , , , and . These extracts significantly inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity. The aqueous leaf extract prepared at a temperature equivalent to the boiling point, i.e., 100 °C, was identified to be the most active against pathogenic bacteria and HIV-1 RT.
本研究鉴定了 提取物中的植物化学成分，这些成分是其药用特性的基础，同时也确定了提取这些成分的最佳溶剂。在室温（对应于室温）和高温（对应于沸点）下，用不同溶剂（己烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇和水）从 植物的茎、叶、花和果实中提取提取物。通过分光光度法测定了分离提取物中各种植物化学成分的紫外可见吸收光谱。对提取物中的植物化学成分进行了定性筛选试验，以鉴定各种植物化学物质。我们在植物提取物中鉴定出了萜类、生物碱、强心苷和碳水化合物的存在。测定了各种 提取物的抗氧化和抗人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型逆转录酶（抗 HIV-1RT）的潜力以及抗菌活性。这些提取物表现出很强的抗氧化活性。提取物对 、 、 、 和 表现出抗菌活性。这些提取物显著抑制了 HIV-1 逆转录酶的活性。在相当于沸点的温度（即 100°C）下制备的水提叶片提取物被鉴定为对致病菌和 HIV-1 RT 最有效。
