Qanash Husam, Bazaid Abdulrahman S, Binsaleh Naif K, Alharbi Bandar, Alshammari Nawaf, Qahl Safa H, Alhuthali Hayaa M, Bagher Abdullatiff A
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55476, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail 81451, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 30;12(11):2177. doi: 10.3390/plants12112177.
The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is attracting enormous attention as a new area of study that encompasses the development and discovery of new agents for their utilization in different fields, such as pharmaceuticals and food. Nowadays, the use of plants, particularly medicinal plants, for the creation of NPs has emerged as a safe, ecofriendly, rapid, and simple approach. Therefore, the present study aimed to use the Saudi mint plant as a medicinal plant for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of AgNPs compared to mint extract (ME). A phenolic and flavonoid analysis that was conducted by using HPLC indicated the presence of numerous compounds in the ME. Through an HPLC analysis, chlorogenic acid at a concentration of 7144.66 µg/mL was the main detected component in the ME, while catechin, gallic acid, naringenin, ellagic acid, rutin, daidzein, cinnamic acid, and hesperetin were identified in varying concentrations. AgNPs were synthesized by using ME and were confirmed via UV-visible spectroscopy at 412 nm of the maximum absorption. The mean diameter of the synthesized AgNPs was measured by TEM to be 17.77 nm. Spectra obtained by using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that silver was the main element formation in the created AgNPs. The presence of various functional groups, analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), indicated that the mint extract was responsible for reducing Ag to Ag. The spherical structure of the synthesized AgNPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the ME showed reduced antimicrobial activity (a zone of inhibition of 30, 24, 27, 29, and 22 mm) compared with the synthesized AgNPs (a zone of inhibition of 33, 25, 30, 32, 32, and 27 mm) against , , , , and , respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the AgNPs was lower than that of the ME for all of the tested micro-organisms, except for . The MBC/MIC index suggested that the AgNPs revealed a higher bactericidal effect compared to the ME. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited antioxidant activity with a reduced IC (IC of 8.73 µg/mL) compared to that of the ME (IC of 13.42 µg/mL). These findings demonstrate that ME could be applied as a mediator for AgNPs synthesis and natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.
纳米颗粒（NPs）的绿色合成作为一个新的研究领域正吸引着广泛关注，该领域涵盖了开发和发现可用于不同领域（如制药和食品）的新型制剂。如今，利用植物，特别是药用植物来制备纳米颗粒已成为一种安全、环保、快速且简便的方法。因此，本研究旨在利用沙特薄荷植物作为药用植物来合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs），并评估AgNPs与薄荷提取物（ME）相比的抗菌和抗氧化活性。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行的酚类和黄酮类分析表明，ME中存在多种化合物。通过HPLC分析，浓度为7144.66μg/mL的绿原酸是ME中主要检测到的成分，同时还鉴定出了不同浓度的儿茶素、没食子酸、柚皮素、鞣花酸、芦丁、大豆苷元、肉桂酸和橙皮苷。利用ME合成了AgNPs，并通过紫外可见光谱在最大吸收波长412nm处进行了确认。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）测量合成的AgNPs的平均直径为17.77nm。利用能量色散X射线光谱获得的数据表明，银是所制备的AgNPs中的主要元素成分。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析发现的各种官能团表明，薄荷提取物负责将Ag还原为Ag。通过X射线衍射（XRD）证实了合成的AgNPs的球形结构。此外，与合成的AgNPs（对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和白色念珠菌的抑菌圈分别为33、25、30、32、32和27mm）相比，ME的抗菌活性降低（抑菌圈分别为30、24、27、29和22mm）。除了白色念珠菌外，对于所有测试微生物，AgNPs的最低抑菌浓度均低于ME。MBC/MIC指数表明，与ME相比，AgNPs具有更高的杀菌效果。合成的AgNPs表现出抗氧化活性，其IC50（8.73μg/mL）低于ME的IC50（13.42μg/mL）。这些发现表明，ME可作为AgNPs合成以及天然抗菌和抗氧化剂的介质。
