Rayner K, Springer C J
Br J Psychol. 1986 May;77 ( Pt 2):207-22. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb01995.x.
Two experiments were performed using the picture-word interference task in which a word is superimposed on a line drawing of a picture which subjects must name. Incongruent words result in interference in naming the picture and the present studies examined the effect of graphemic and semantic similarity between the printed word and the picture label on naming times. Consistent with prior research a category effect was obtained such that a printed word from the same category as the object resulted in more interference than did a printed word not from the category of the object. However, it was also found that graphemic similarity between the printed word and the picture label reduced the size of the category effect. The time course of these effects was examined by varying the stimulus onset asynchrony between the print and the picture. The results are discussed within the logogen and pictogen framework.
进行了两项实验，采用图片-单词干扰任务，即把一个单词叠加在一幅线条画图片上，让受试者说出图片的名称。不一致的单词会干扰图片命名，本研究考察了印刷单词与图片标签之间的字形和语义相似性对命名时间的影响。与先前的研究一致，获得了类别效应，即与物体属于同一类别的印刷单词比不属于物体类别的印刷单词产生更多干扰。然而，还发现印刷单词与图片标签之间的字形相似性减小了类别效应的大小。通过改变印刷品和图片之间的刺激开始异步来考察这些效应的时间进程。在语词产生器和图像产生器框架内对结果进行了讨论。
