Roelofs Ardi, Piai Vitória
a Donders Centre for Cognition (DCC), Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.
b Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute , University of California , Berkeley , CA , USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2017 Apr;70(4):782-792. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2016.1165264. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
In picture-word interference experiments, participants name pictures (e.g., of a cat) while trying to ignore distractor words. Mean response time (RT) is typically longer with semantically related distractor words (e.g., dog) than with unrelated words (e.g., shoe), called semantic interference. Previous research has examined the RT distributional characteristics of distractor effects by performing ex-Gaussian analyses, which reveal whether effects are present in the normal part of the distribution (the μ parameter), its long right tail (the τ parameter), or both. One previous study linked the semantic interference effect selectively to the distribution tail. In the present study, we replicated the semantic interference effect in the mean picture naming RTs. Distributional analysis of the RTs and those of a previous study revealed that semantic interference was present in both μ and τ. These results provide evidence that the effect is not selectively linked to the τ parameter, and they warn against any simple one-to-one mapping between semantic interference and distributional parameters.
在图-词干扰实验中，参与者在尝试忽略干扰词的同时为图片（如猫的图片）命名。与语义无关的词（如鞋子）相比，语义相关的干扰词（如狗）通常会使平均反应时间（RT）更长，这被称为语义干扰。以往的研究通过进行前高斯分析来检验干扰效应的反应时间分布特征，该分析揭示了效应是存在于分布的正态部分（μ参数）、其长长的右尾（τ参数），还是两者都存在。之前的一项研究将语义干扰效应选择性地与分布尾部联系起来。在本研究中，我们在平均图片命名反应时间中复制了语义干扰效应。对本研究及之前一项研究的反应时间进行分布分析后发现，μ和τ中均存在语义干扰。这些结果提供了证据，表明该效应并非选择性地与τ参数相关联，并且警示不要在语义干扰和分布参数之间进行任何简单的一对一映射。
