Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Coyoacán, México DF, México.
Department of Health Care, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Coyoacán, México DF, México.
PeerJ. 2023 Jun 13;11:e15465. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15465. eCollection 2023.
Obesity, a public health problem, is a state of metainflammation that influences the development of chronic degenerative diseases, particularly in patients with severe obesity.
The objective of this study was to evidence immunometabolic differences in patients with different degrees of obesity, including severe obesity, by determining correlations between lymphocyte subpopulations and metabolic, body composition, and clinical variables.
Peripheral blood immune cells (CD4+, CD8+ memory and effector T lymphocytes) were analyzed, and measures of body composition, blood pressure, and biochemical composition (glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the lipid profile) were carried out in patients with different degrees of obesity.
The patients were classified according to total body fat (TBF) percentage as normal body fat, class 1 and 2 obesity, class 3 obesity, and class 4 obesity. The greater the TBF percentage, the more pronounced the differences in body composition (such as a decrease in the fat-free mass (FFM) that is defined as sarcopenic obesity) and the immunometabolic profile. There was an increase of CD3+ T lymphocytes (mainly CD4+, CD4+CD62-, and CD8+CD45RO+ T lymphocytes) and an increase in the TBF percentage (severity of obesity).
The correlations between lymphocyte subpopulations and metabolic, body composition, and clinical variables demonstrated the existence of a chronic, low-intensity inflammatory process in obesity. Therefore, measuring the immunometabolic profile by means of lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with severe obesity could be useful to determine the severity of the disease and the increased risk of presenting obesity-associated chronic degenerative diseases.
肥胖是一个公共卫生问题，是一种代谢炎症状态，会影响慢性退行性疾病的发展，尤其是在重度肥胖患者中。
本研究旨在通过确定淋巴细胞亚群与代谢、身体成分和临床变量之间的相关性，来证明不同程度肥胖（包括重度肥胖）患者的免疫代谢差异。
分析了外周血免疫细胞（CD4+、CD8+记忆和效应 T 淋巴细胞），并对不同程度肥胖患者的身体成分、血压和生化成分（血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、胰岛素、C 反应蛋白（CRP）和血脂谱）进行了测量。
根据总体脂肪（TBF）百分比将患者分为正常体脂、1 类和 2 类肥胖、3 类肥胖和 4 类肥胖。TBF 百分比越大，身体成分（如定义为肌肉减少性肥胖的去脂体重（FFM）减少）和免疫代谢特征的差异越明显。CD3+T 淋巴细胞（主要是 CD4+、CD4+CD62-和 CD8+CD45RO+T 淋巴细胞）增加，TBF 百分比增加（肥胖严重程度增加）。
淋巴细胞亚群与代谢、身体成分和临床变量之间的相关性表明肥胖存在慢性、低强度炎症过程。因此，在重度肥胖患者中通过淋巴细胞亚群测量免疫代谢特征可能有助于确定疾病的严重程度和肥胖相关慢性退行性疾病的风险增加。
