Rösler K, Conley K E, Howald H, Gerber C, Hoppeler H
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1986 Jul;61(1):30-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1986.61.1.30.
Increases in leg power production resulting from 8 wk of bicycle endurance training (30 min/day, 5 times/wk) were studied using an isokinetic dynamometer. In addition, biopsies of vastus lateralis were analyzed to characterize muscle ultrastructural changes. Performance increased on the dynamometer specifically near the estimated average knee angular velocity used during the bicycle training (200 degrees/s). Power measurements were made during the first 5 contractions (maximal power: Pmax) and last 5 contractions (final power: Pend) of 25 and 50 consecutive contractions (at 60 and 240 degrees/s, respectively). Pmax and Pend increased only at 240 degrees/s but not at 60 degrees/s. These increases in Pmax (86 W) and Pend (78 W) resulted primarily from longer torque maintenance but also from increased peak torque during each contraction and were close to the increase in mechanical power output maintained on the bicycle (Pb; 78 W) during the training sessions. The specificity of these changes to the angular velocities used in the bicycle training indicates a neural basis to these adaptations. We suggest that these neural adaptations, coupled with the observed enhancement of muscle mitochondrial and capillary density (+41 and +15%, respectively) underlie the increased ability to maintain power production on a bicycle after endurance training.
使用等速测力计研究了为期8周的自行车耐力训练（每天30分钟，每周5次）所导致的腿部力量产生的增加情况。此外，对股外侧肌进行活检以表征肌肉超微结构变化。测力计上的表现尤其在自行车训练期间使用的估计平均膝关节角速度（200度/秒）附近有所提高。在25次和50次连续收缩（分别在60度/秒和240度/秒）的前5次收缩（最大功率：Pmax）和后5次收缩（最终功率：Pend）期间进行功率测量。Pmax和Pend仅在240度/秒时增加，而在60度/秒时未增加。Pmax（86瓦）和Pend（78瓦）的这些增加主要源于更长时间的扭矩维持，也源于每次收缩期间峰值扭矩的增加，并且接近训练期间自行车上维持的机械功率输出（Pb；78瓦）的增加。这些变化对自行车训练中使用的角速度的特异性表明了这些适应性变化的神经基础。我们认为，这些神经适应性变化，再加上观察到的肌肉线粒体和毛细血管密度的增强（分别增加41%和15%），是耐力训练后自行车上维持功率产生能力增加的基础。
