Department of Public Health, Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Department of Public Health, Yanet Health College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMJ Open. 2023 Jun 20;13(6):e068948. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068948.
The aim of this study was to assess the level of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and associated factors among hypertensive patients having follow-up at selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public and tertiary hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 15 January 2022 to 30 July 2022.
A total of 326 adult hypertensive patients who visited the chronic diseases clinic for follow-up were included in the study.
A high predicted 10-year CVD risk level was assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and physical measurement (primary data) and reviews of medical data records (secondary data) by using a non-laboratory WHO risk prediction chart. Logistic regression with an adjusted OR (AOR) using a 95% CI was calculated for independent variables associated with 10-year CVD risk.
The prevalence of a high predicted 10-year CVD risk level was 28.2% (95% CI 10.34% to 33.2%) among the study participants. A higher CVD risk level was found to be associated with age (AOR 4.2 for age 64-74, 95% CI 1.67 to 10.66), being male (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.18, 3.67), unemployment (AOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.25) and stage 2 systolic blood pressure (AOR 11.32; 95% CI 3.43 to 37.46).
The study showed that the respondent's age, gender, occupation and high systolic blood pressure were determinant factors for CVD risks. Therefore, routine screening for the presence of CVD risk factors and assessment of CVD risk are recommended for hypertensive patients for CVD risk reduction.
本研究旨在评估 2022 年在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定医院接受随访的高血压患者的心血管疾病（CVD）风险水平及其相关因素。
本研究为 2022 年 1 月 15 日至 7 月 30 日在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴的公立医院和三级医院进行的一项基于医院的横断面研究。
共纳入 326 名在慢性病诊所接受随访的成年高血压患者。
使用访谈式问卷调查和体格测量（原始数据）以及医疗数据记录回顾（二级数据），使用非实验室世界卫生组织风险预测图评估高预测的 10 年 CVD 风险水平。使用 95%CI 的调整比值比（AOR）进行 logistic 回归，以评估与 10 年 CVD 风险相关的独立变量。
研究参与者中，高预测的 10 年 CVD 风险水平的患病率为 28.2%（95%CI 10.34%至 33.2%）。研究发现，更高的 CVD 风险水平与年龄（年龄 64-74 岁的 AOR 为 4.2，95%CI 为 1.67 至 10.66）、男性（AOR 为 2.1，95%CI 为 1.18 至 3.67）、失业（AOR 为 3.2，95%CI 为 1.06 至 6.25）和 2 期收缩压（AOR 为 11.32；95%CI 为 3.43 至 37.46）有关。
本研究表明，受访者的年龄、性别、职业和高收缩压是 CVD 风险的决定因素。因此，建议对高血压患者进行常规 CVD 风险因素筛查和 CVD 风险评估，以降低 CVD 风险。
