Questionnaire survey on the conceptual framework, optimal evaluation, and support measures for children's language disorders in Japan using the Delphi method.

OBJECTIVES

To compile the opinions of native Japanese speakers on the conceptual framework, optimal evaluation, and support measures for children with language disorders to devise materials on which a consensus can be formed.

DESIGN

A quantitative descriptive study using the Delphi method.

SETTING

Using the Delphi method, 43 clinicians with at least 15 years of experience working professionally with children's language disorders in Japan were surveyed three times via a web-based questionnaire. Thirty-nine items that were carefully selected by the working group were surveyed, and the agreement level was set to ≥80%.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

We investigated the following aspects related to developmental language disorder (DLD) among Japanese children: definition, core symptoms, evaluation of core symptoms, relationship with a second language, relationship with other related disorders, support systems, and information availability.

RESULTS

Overall, 43 qualified panel members were included in this study. Among the 39 items in the questionnaire, a high level of consensus (≥80%) from the responses of the participants was achieved for five items in Round 1, whereas no consensus (<50%) was achieved for seven items. After revising and integrating the questionnaires into 22 items, we conducted Rounds 2 and 3 and obtained high and medium levels of agreement in 20 items on disease concept, core symptoms, coexisting disorders, and manner of support of DLD in children.

CONCLUSION

Our results clarify the previously ambiguous image of DLD in Japan. Information-sharing strategies that connect professionals, patients, their families, and community members are required in the future.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE