Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2023 Summer;34(2):125-132. doi: 10.5080/u27080.
Suicide is a public health issue, and there are several factors leading to suicide, like mental illness and psychosocial stressors. Actual loneliness (living alone) and subjective loneliness (feeling of being alone) and different suicidal behaviors have been reported to have some link. This scoping review aimed to assess the association between loneliness and suicidal behaviour by exploring the existing literature.
A scoping review was conducted implementing the appropriate framework and in accord with the PRISMA-ScR extension. A PubMed database search was made using a combination of terms to find publications in English from 2011 to 2021. Studies were included if they reported quantitative outcomes of the association between loneliness and suicidal experiences, including suicidal thoughts, plans, and/or attempts. Screening and data charting of the published literature was conducted by a panel of authors. The accuracy and clarity of extracted data was checked by three reviewers.
Among 421 articles found, 31 full texts were evaluated based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, out of which, 18 papers that reported quantitative outcomes of the association between loneliness and suicidal experiences were included. We found that association between loneliness and suicidal behaviour is determined by individual, social and cultural factors. Co-existing mental illness, substance use disorder and economic hardship play an important role for the completion of suicide.
Loneliness is correlated with suicide, and the knowledge about this association could assist in the identification of suicidal individuals or those at elevated risk of suicidal behaviour. Future studies should focus on loneliness and its relation to suicidal ideation in individuals with different mental health disorders and personalities.
自杀是一个公共卫生问题，有几个因素会导致自杀，如精神疾病和心理社会压力。已经有报道称，实际的孤独（独居）和主观的孤独（感到孤独）以及不同的自杀行为之间存在某种联系。本范围综述旨在通过探讨现有文献来评估孤独感与自杀行为之间的关联。
采用适当的框架和 PRISMA-ScR 扩展进行范围综述。通过使用组合术语对 PubMed 数据库进行搜索，以查找 2011 年至 2021 年期间以英文发表的出版物。如果研究报告了孤独感与自杀经历（包括自杀念头、计划和/或尝试）之间的关联的定量结果，则将其纳入研究。由一组作者对已发表文献进行筛选和数据图表制作。由三名审稿人检查提取数据的准确性和清晰度。
在 421 篇文章中，有 31 篇全文根据排除和纳入标准进行了评估，其中 18 篇论文报告了孤独感与自杀经历之间关联的定量结果，被纳入研究。我们发现，孤独感与自杀行为之间的关联取决于个体、社会和文化因素。同时存在的精神疾病、物质使用障碍和经济困难对自杀的完成起着重要作用。
孤独感与自杀有关，了解这种关联可以帮助识别有自杀倾向的个体或有自杀行为风险升高的个体。未来的研究应关注不同心理健康障碍和个性的个体中孤独感及其与自杀意念的关系。
