Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 8;15(12):2667. doi: 10.3390/nu15122667.
To examine the effect of the fluid balance on and performance in young artistic gymnasts during training under ad libitum and prescribed fluid intake conditions, eleven males (12.3 ± 2.6 years, mean ± SD) performed two 3 h identical training sessions. Participants ingested, in a random order, water equivalent to either 50% (LV) or 150% (HV) of their fluid loss. After the 3 h training, the gymnasts performed program routines on three apparatuses. The pre-exercise urine specific gravity (USG) was similar between conditions (LV: 1.018 ± 0.007 vs. HV: 1.015 ± 0.007; = 0.09), while the post-exercise USG was lower in the HV condition (LV: 1.017 ± 0.006 vs. HV: 1.002 ± 0.003; < 0.001). Fluid loss corresponding to percentage of body mass was higher in the LV condition (1.2 ± 0.5%) compared to the HV condition (0.4 ± 0.8%) ( = 0.02); however, the sums of the score performances were not different (LV: 26.17 ± 2.04 vs. HV: 26.05 ± 2.00; = 0.57). Ingesting fluid equivalent to about 50% of the fluid lost, which was the amount that was drunk ad libitum during training, maintained short-term hydration levels and avoided excessive dehydration in artistic preadolescent and adolescent gymnasts. A higher amount of fluid, equivalent to about 1.5 times the fluid loss, did not provide an additional performance benefit.
为了研究在随意和规定液体摄入条件下，年轻艺术体操运动员训练过程中液体平衡和表现的影响，11 名男性（12.3 ± 2.6 岁，平均值 ± 标准差）进行了两次 3 小时相同的训练。参与者随机摄入相当于其液体损失的 50%（LV）或 150%（HV）的水。在 3 小时的训练后，体操运动员在三个器械上进行了成套动作。预运动时尿比重（USG）在两种条件下相似（LV：1.018 ± 0.007 vs. HV：1.015 ± 0.007； = 0.09），而 HV 条件下运动后 USG 较低（LV：1.017 ± 0.006 vs. HV：1.002 ± 0.003； ＜0.001）。LV 条件下的液体损失占体重百分比较高（1.2 ± 0.5%），与 HV 条件（0.4 ± 0.8%）相比（ = 0.02）；然而，总分表现没有差异（LV：26.17 ± 2.04 vs. HV：26.05 ± 2.00； = 0.57）。摄入相当于丢失液体的约 50%的液体，这是训练期间随意饮用的量，保持了短期水合水平，并避免了艺术青春期前和青春期体操运动员的过度脱水。更多的液体，相当于大约 1.5 倍的液体损失，并没有提供额外的表现益处。
