Ashraf Mohammad Vikas, Pant Shreekar, Khan M A Hannan, Shah Ali Asghar, Siddiqui Sazada, Jeridi Mouna, Alhamdi Heba Waheeb Saeed, Ahmad Shoeb
Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India.
Centre for Biodiversity Studies, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185 234, India.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Jun 15;16(6):881. doi: 10.3390/ph16060881.
Among all available antimicrobials, antibiotics hold a prime position in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has posed a serious threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality, and escalation in healthcare costs causing a global health crisis. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in global healthcare setups have accelerated the development and spread of AMR, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which further limits treatment options. This creates a critical need to explore alternative approaches to combat bacterial infections. Phytochemicals have gained attention as a potential source of alternative medicine to address the challenge of AMR. Phytochemicals are structurally and functionally diverse and have multitarget antimicrobial effects, disrupting essential cellular activities. Given the promising results of plant-based antimicrobials, coupled with the slow discovery of novel antibiotics, it has become highly imperative to explore the vast repository of phytocompounds to overcome the looming catastrophe of AMR. This review summarizes the emergence of AMR towards existing antibiotics and potent phytochemicals having antimicrobial activities, along with a comprehensive overview of 123 Himalayan medicinal plants reported to possess antimicrobial phytocompounds, thus compiling the existing information that will help researchers in the exploration of phytochemicals to combat AMR.
在所有可用的抗菌药物中，抗生素在传染病治疗中占据首要地位。然而，抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的出现对抗生素的有效性构成了严重威胁，导致发病率和死亡率上升，医疗成本增加，引发了全球健康危机。全球医疗环境中抗生素的过度使用和滥用加速了AMR的发展和传播，导致多重耐药（MDR）病原体的出现，这进一步限制了治疗选择。这就迫切需要探索对抗细菌感染的替代方法。植物化学物质作为应对AMR挑战的潜在替代药物来源受到了关注。植物化学物质在结构和功能上具有多样性，具有多靶点抗菌作用，能破坏基本的细胞活动。鉴于植物源抗菌剂取得的令人鼓舞的成果，再加上新型抗生素的发现速度缓慢，探索大量的植物化合物库以克服迫在眉睫的AMR灾难变得极为必要。本综述总结了针对现有抗生素的AMR的出现以及具有抗菌活性的强效植物化学物质，同时全面概述了据报道含有抗菌植物化合物的123种喜马拉雅药用植物，从而汇编现有信息，这将有助于研究人员探索对抗AMR的植物化学物质。
