Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 12;11:1182075. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182075. eCollection 2023.
The impact of food consumption extends well beyond the physical aspect of health to affect the mind, the society, and the environment. The biopsycho-ecological (BSE) theory recognizes the interplay between these factors and emphasizes the need for a holistic perspective to dietary recommendations. This manuscript presents a situation analysis of food consumption and diet-related diseases in Bahrain and describes the themes of the Bahraini Food based dietary guidelines (FBDG) and their alignment with the BSE constructs. Available data revealed low fruit and vegetable intake and excessive consumption of processed meat and sugary drinks in the country. These dietary habits are accompanied by a high burden of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors, anemia, and vitamin D deficiency. The Bahraini FBDG consisted of 11 context-specific themes and key messages that addressed the four dimensions of health depicted by the BSE theory, as follows: diet, physical activity, and food safety (body), physical activity, mindful eating and mental health (mind); family relations and cultural heritage (society), and food waste and environmental footprints of dietary intake (environment). The Bahraini FBDG present a model of dietary guidelines that adopted a holistic perspective to address health as they promote the role of food and dietary habits in maintaining the health of the body and that of the mind, the society, and the environment.
食物消费的影响远远超出健康的身体方面，影响到心理、社会和环境。生物心理生态学（BSE）理论认识到这些因素之间的相互作用，并强调需要对饮食建议采取整体观点。本文对巴林的食物消费和与饮食相关的疾病进行了情况分析，并描述了巴林基于食物的膳食指南（FBDG）的主题及其与 BSE 结构的一致性。现有数据显示，该国水果和蔬菜摄入量低，加工肉类和含糖饮料摄入过多。这些饮食习惯伴随着非传染性疾病及其风险因素、贫血和维生素 D 缺乏的沉重负担。巴林的 FBDG 由 11 个特定于上下文的主题和关键信息组成，这些主题和关键信息涉及 BSE 理论所描述的健康的四个维度，如下所述：饮食、身体活动和食品安全（身体）；身体活动、正念饮食和心理健康（心理）；家庭关系和文化遗产（社会）；以及饮食摄入的食物浪费和环境足迹（环境）。巴林的 FBDG 提出了一种饮食指南模式，该模式采用整体观点来解决健康问题，因为它促进了食物和饮食习惯在维持身体和心理、社会和环境健康方面的作用。
