Mikkelsen Mari, Wilsgaard Tom, Grimsgaard Sameline, Hopstock Laila A, Hansson Patrik
Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Nutrition Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 15;10:1158383. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1158383. eCollection 2023.
Elevated serum triglyceride concentrations increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Postprandial triglyceride concentrations have shown to be a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease compared to fasting triglycerides. It is therefore clinically relevant to study patterns of postprandial triglyceride concentrations in a general adult population.
The aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to examine postprandial triglyceride concentrations in women and men, and the association with age, body mass index and menopausal status.
Non-fasting blood samples from 20,963 women and men aged 40 years and older, attending the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study (2015-2016), were analyzed for postprandial triglyceride concentrations using descriptive statistics and linear regression models. Self-reported time since last meal before blood sampling was categorized into 1-h intervals with 7+ hours considered fasting.
Men had higher triglyceride concentrations compared to women. The pattern of postprandial triglyceride concentrations differed between the sexes. In women, the highest triglyceride concentration (19% higher compared to fasting level, < 0.001) was found 3-4 h postprandially compared to 1-3 h in men (30% higher compared to fasting level, < 0.001). In women, all subgroups of age and BMI had higher triglyceride concentrations than the reference group (age 40-49 years and BMI < 25 kg/m), but no linear trend for age was observed. In men, triglyceride concentrations were inversely associated with age. Body mass index was positively associated with triglyceride concentration in both women ( < 0.001) and men ( < 0.001), although this association was somewhat modified by age in women. Postmenopausal women had significantly higher triglyceride concentrations compared to premenopausal women ( < 0.05).
Postprandial triglyceride concentrations differed in groups of sex, age, body mass index, and menopausal status.
血清甘油三酯浓度升高会增加患动脉粥样硬化的风险，而动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的主要病因。与空腹甘油三酯相比，餐后甘油三酯浓度已被证明是心血管疾病更强的预测指标。因此，研究普通成年人群餐后甘油三酯浓度模式具有临床相关性。
本横断面分析的目的是研究男性和女性的餐后甘油三酯浓度，以及与年龄、体重指数和绝经状态的关联。
对参加特罗姆瑟研究第七次调查（2015 - 2016年）的20963名40岁及以上的男性和女性的非空腹血样进行分析，使用描述性统计和线性回归模型来测定餐后甘油三酯浓度。自我报告的采血前最后一餐时间被分为1小时间隔，7小时及以上视为空腹。
男性的甘油三酯浓度高于女性。餐后甘油三酯浓度模式在性别之间存在差异。在女性中，餐后3 - 4小时甘油三酯浓度最高（比空腹水平高19%，P < 0.001），而在男性中为餐后1 - 3小时（比空腹水平高30%，P < 0.001）。在女性中，所有年龄和体重指数亚组的甘油三酯浓度均高于参考组（年龄40 - 49岁且体重指数< 25 kg/m²），但未观察到年龄的线性趋势。在男性中，甘油三酯浓度与年龄呈负相关。体重指数在女性（P < 0.001）和男性（P < 0.001）中均与甘油三酯浓度呈正相关，尽管在女性中这种关联在一定程度上受年龄影响。绝经后女性的甘油三酯浓度显著高于绝经前女性（P < 0.05）。
餐后甘油三酯浓度在性别、年龄、体重指数和绝经状态组中存在差异。
