Mueller Valerie, Páez-Bernal Camila, Gray Clark, Grépin Karen
School of Politics and Global Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC USA.
Popul Res Policy Rev. 2023;42(4):60. doi: 10.1007/s11113-023-09809-8. Epub 2023 Jun 28.
Scant evidence exists to identify the effects of the pandemic on migrant women and the unique barriers on employment they endure. We merge longitudinal data from mobile phone surveys with subnational data on COVID cases to examine whether women were left more immobile and vulnerable to health risks, relative to men, during the pandemic in Kenya and Nigeria. Each survey interviewed approximately 2000 men and women over three rounds (November 2020-January 2021, March-April 2021, November 2021-January 2022). Linear regression analysis reveals internal migrants are no more vulnerable to knowing someone in their network with COVID. Rather, rural migrant women in Kenya and Nigeria were less vulnerable to transmission through their network, perhaps related to the possible wealth accumulation from migration or acquired knowledge of averting health risks from previous destinations. Per capita exposure to COVID cases hinders the inter-regional migration of women in both countries. Exposure to an additional COVID case per 10,000 people resulted in a decline in women's interregional migration by 6 and 2 percentage points in Kenya and Nigeria, respectively.
几乎没有证据能够确定疫情对移民妇女的影响以及她们在就业方面所面临的独特障碍。我们将手机调查的纵向数据与各地区新冠病例数据相结合，以研究在肯尼亚和尼日利亚的疫情期间，相对于男性而言，女性是否行动更加不便且更容易面临健康风险。每次调查分三轮（2020年11月至2021年1月、2021年3月至4月、2021年11月至2022年1月）对约2000名男性和女性进行了访谈。线性回归分析显示，国内移民了解其社交圈中有感染新冠病毒的人的可能性并不更高。相反，肯尼亚和尼日利亚的农村移民女性通过社交圈感染病毒的可能性较小，这可能与移民带来的财富积累或从之前目的地获得的预防健康风险的知识有关。人均新冠病例数阻碍了这两个国家女性的区域间迁移。在肯尼亚和尼日利亚，每万人中新增一例新冠病例分别导致女性区域间迁移率下降6个百分点和2个百分点。
