Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, P. R. China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Sep;10(25):e2207090. doi: 10.1002/advs.202207090. Epub 2023 Jul 3.
Imaging contrast agents are widely investigated in preclinical and clinical studies, among which biogenic imaging contrast agents (BICAs) are developing rapidly and playing an increasingly important role in biomedical research ranging from subcellular level to individual level. The unique properties of BICAs, including expression by cells as reporters and specific genetic modification, facilitate various in vitro and in vivo studies, such as quantification of gene expression, observation of protein interactions, visualization of cellular proliferation, monitoring of metabolism, and detection of dysfunctions. Furthermore, in human body, BICAs are remarkably helpful for disease diagnosis when the dysregulation of these agents occurs and can be detected through imaging techniques. There are various BICAs matched with a set of imaging techniques, including fluorescent proteins for fluorescence imaging, gas vesicles for ultrasound imaging, and ferritin for magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, bimodal and multimodal imaging can be realized through combining the functions of different BICAs, which helps overcome the limitations of monomodal imaging. In this review, the focus is on the properties, mechanisms, applications, and future directions of BICAs.
成像对比剂在临床前和临床研究中得到了广泛的研究，其中生物来源的成像对比剂（BICA）发展迅速，在从亚细胞水平到个体水平的生物医学研究中发挥着越来越重要的作用。BICA 的独特性质，包括作为报告器的细胞表达和特定的基因修饰，促进了各种体外和体内研究，如基因表达的定量、蛋白质相互作用的观察、细胞增殖的可视化、代谢的监测和功能障碍的检测。此外，在人体中，当这些试剂的失调发生时，BICA 对疾病诊断非常有帮助，可以通过成像技术检测到。有各种与成像技术相匹配的 BICA，包括用于荧光成像的荧光蛋白、用于超声成像的气穴、用于磁共振成像的铁蛋白。此外，通过结合不同 BICA 的功能，可以实现双模态和多模态成像，有助于克服单模态成像的局限性。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了 BICA 的特性、机制、应用和未来发展方向。
