饮食预防高血压（DASH）饮食对血脂水平的疗效：临床对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析
The Efficacy of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Controlled Trials.
作者信息
Sahebkar Amirhossein, Heidari Zahra, Kiani Zahra, Atefi Masoumeh, Zareie Azadeh, Shojaei Mehrnaz, Askari Gholamreza, Kesharwani Prashant, Bagherniya Mohammad
机构信息
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
出版信息
Curr Med Chem. 2025;32(3):563-578. doi: 10.2174/0929867331666230706102406.
BACKGROUND
Dyslipidemia is considered a causal risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke. Plant-based diets such as dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of the DASH diet on lipid profiles based on clinical controlled trials.
METHODS
An inclusive online search was performed in medical databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to October 2021 to identify trials assessing the effect of the DASH diet on lipid profiles.
RESULTS
Seventeen studies comprising 2218 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. In comparison to the control group, following the DASH diet resulted in a significant reduction in serum triglycerides (WMD: -5.539 mg/dl; 95% CI: -8.806, -2.272) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: -6.387 mg/dl; 95% CI: -12.272, -0.501). However, DASH diet could not reduce serum total cholesterol (WMD: -5.793 mg/dl; 95% CI: -12.84, 1.254), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: 0.631 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.749, 2.011), and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (WMD: -0.11 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.27, 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Findings of this meta-analysis showed that following the DASH diet had beneficial effects on serum triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, however, it had no effect on serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Based on these results, the DASH diet can be considered a strategy for the prevention and complementary management of dyslipidemia.
背景
血脂异常被认为是冠心病和中风的因果危险因素。以植物为基础的饮食，如终止高血压膳食疗法（DASH），对心血管健康有益。本荟萃分析旨在基于临床对照试验评估DASH饮食对血脂谱的影响。
方法
截至2021年10月，在包括科学网、PubMed、Scopus和谷歌学术在内的医学数据库中进行了全面的在线搜索，以识别评估DASH饮食对血脂谱影响的试验。
结果
本荟萃分析纳入了17项研究，共2218名个体。与对照组相比，采用DASH饮食可显著降低血清甘油三酯（加权均数差：-5.539mg/dl；95%置信区间：-8.806，-2.272）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（加权均数差：-6.387mg/dl；95%置信区间：-12.272，-0.501）。然而，DASH饮食不能降低血清总胆固醇（加权均数差：-5.793mg/dl；95%置信区间：-12.84，1.254）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（加权均数差：0.631mg/dl；95%置信区间：-0.749，2.011）以及总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（加权均数差：-0.11mg/dl；95%置信区间：-0.27，0.05）。
结论
本荟萃分析结果表明，采用DASH饮食对血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇有有益影响，但对血清总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平无影响。基于这些结果，DASH饮食可被视为血脂异常预防和辅助管理的一种策略。
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