Shan Yi, Ji Meng, Xing Zhaoquan, Dong Zhaogang, Wang Ding, Cao Xiangting
School of Foreign Studies, Nantong Univeristy, Nantong, China.
School of Languages and Cultures, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
JMIR Form Res. 2023 Jul 7;7:e41609. doi: 10.2196/41609.
Suitable health education materials can educate people about the potential harms of high-risk factors, leading to expected behavior changes and improved health outcomes. However, most patient education materials were not suitable in terms of content, structure, design, composition, and language, as stated in the literature. There is a pressing need to use well-designed scales to assess the suitability of health education materials. Although such assessment is a common practice in English-speaking communities, few assessment tools are available in mainland China.
This study aimed to translate the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) for the evaluation of health-related information for adults into a simplified Chinese version (S-C-SAM) and validate its reliability for evaluating the suitability of health education materials written in simplified Chinese in mainland China.
The SAM was translated into an S-C-SAM in three steps: (1) translating the SAM into an S-C-SAM, (2) translating the S-C-SAM back into an English version, and (3) testing the translation equivalence between the 2 English versions (original and back-translated) of the SAM linguistically and culturally. Any differences between these 2 English versions were resolved through a panel discussion. The validity of the S-C-SAM was determined by measuring its content validity index. The final version of the S-C-SAM was used by 3 native Chinese-speaking health educators to assess 15 air pollution-related health education materials. The Cohen κ coefficient and Cronbach α were calculated to determine the interrater agreement and internal consistency of the S-C-SAM.
We agreed on the final version of the S-C-SAM after settling the discrepancies between the 2 English versions (original and back-translated) and revising 2 items (sentences) rated negatively in content validation. The S-C-SAM was proven valid and reliable: the content validity index was 0.95 both in clarity and in relevance, the Cohen κ coefficient for the interrater agreement was 0.61 (P<.05), and Cronbach α for the internal consistency of the whole scale was .71.
The S-C-SAM is the first simplified Chinese version of the SAM. It has been proven valid and reliable for evaluating the suitability of air pollution-related health education materials written in simplified Chinese in mainland China. It has the potential to be used for assessing the suitability of health education materials specifically selected for other health education purposes.
合适的健康教育材料能够让人们了解高危因素的潜在危害，从而带来预期的行为改变并改善健康状况。然而，如文献所述，大多数患者教育材料在内容、结构、设计、编排和语言方面并不合适。迫切需要使用精心设计的量表来评估健康教育材料的适用性。尽管这种评估在英语社区是一种常见做法，但中国大陆可用的评估工具很少。
本研究旨在将用于评估成人健康相关信息的材料适用性评估量表（SAM）翻译成简体中文版（S-C-SAM），并验证其在评估中国大陆简体中文编写的健康教育材料适用性方面的可靠性。
SAM分三步翻译成S-C-SAM：（1）将SAM翻译成S-C-SAM；（2）将S-C-SAM回译成英文版；（3）从语言和文化方面测试SAM两个英文版本（原始版和回译版）之间的翻译等效性。通过小组讨论解决这两个英文版本之间的任何差异。通过测量其内容效度指数来确定S-C-SAM的效度。由3名以中文为母语的健康教育工作者使用S-C-SAM的最终版本来评估15份与空气污染相关的健康教育材料。计算科恩κ系数和克朗巴哈α系数，以确定S-C-SAM的评分者间一致性和内部一致性。
在解决了两个英文版本（原始版和回译版）之间的差异并修订了内容效度中被评为负面的2个项目（句子）后，我们确定了S-C-SAM的最终版本。S-C-SAM被证明有效且可靠：内容效度指数在清晰度和相关性方面均为0.95，评分者间一致性的科恩κ系数为0.61（P<0.05），整个量表内部一致性的克朗巴哈α系数为0.71。
S-C-SAM是SAM的首个简体中文版。它已被证明在评估中国大陆简体中文编写的与空气污染相关的健康教育材料适用性方面有效且可靠。它有可能用于评估专门为其他健康教育目的挑选的健康教育材料的适用性。
