Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Apr 25;15(9):2078. doi: 10.3390/nu15092078.
Sleep and diet contribute to cardiometabolic disease, but evidence is sparse for the association between these behaviors. This study analyzed the cross-sectional relationship between diet quality and multiple sleep outcomes in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS).
Diet and sleep characteristics, including insomnia and sleep apnea symptoms, were measured with validated questionnaires. Poisson regression using generalized estimating equations with a log link estimated prevalence rate ratios (PRR) of sleep outcomes by dietary pattern scores (quintile (Q) and per SD). Models were adjusted for body mass index (BMI), multi-level socioeconomic factors, physical activity, depressive symptoms, and other potential confounders.
In 824 participants, higher diet quality, measured by the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, was associated with lower sleep apnea risk score after adjustment (PRR [95% confidence interval (CI)] Q5 vs. Q1: 0.59 [0.44, 0.79], per SD increase: 0.88 [0.81, 0.95], -trend < 0.0001). There were no statistically significant associations with the Healthy Eating Index 2015 or the Alternate Mediterranean dietary patterns, or for insomnia symptoms or a healthy sleep score.
Higher diet quality, after adjustment for BMI, was associated with a lower sleep apnea risk score in a cohort with substantial minority representation from a semi-rural, lower-income community.
睡眠和饮食与心脏代谢疾病有关，但这些行为之间的关联证据有限。本研究分析了博加拉卢萨心脏研究（BHS）中饮食质量与多种睡眠结果之间的横断面关系。
采用经过验证的问卷测量饮食和睡眠特征，包括失眠和睡眠呼吸暂停症状。使用广义估计方程的泊松回归，以对数链接估计饮食模式评分（五分位数（Q）和每标准差）的睡眠结果的患病率比（PRR）。模型调整了体重指数（BMI）、多层次社会经济因素、体力活动、抑郁症状和其他潜在混杂因素。
在 824 名参与者中，经过调整后，更高的饮食质量，通过替代健康饮食指数-2010 来衡量，与睡眠呼吸暂停风险评分较低相关（PRR [95%置信区间（CI）] Q5 与 Q1：0.59 [0.44, 0.79]，每标准差增加：0.88 [0.81, 0.95]，-趋势<0.0001）。与健康饮食指数 2015 或替代地中海饮食模式，或与失眠症状或健康睡眠评分均无统计学显著关联。
在 BMI 调整后，较高的饮食质量与一个具有大量少数民族代表性的半农村、低收入社区的睡眠呼吸暂停风险评分较低相关。
