Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.
Sleep. 2019 Jan 1;42(1). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsy194.
Although short sleep duration has been linked to unhealthy dietary patterns, little is known about the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a disorder characterized by sleep fragmentation and diet.
Investigate associations between diet quality and OSA in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and assess whether reductions in slow-wave sleep (stage N3) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are potential mediators for these associations.
A diverse population (N = 1813) completed a food frequency questionnaire and underwent Type 2 in-home polysomnography, which included measurement of N3 and REM sleep and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Moderate-to-more severe OSA was defined as having an AHI > 15 events/hr.
Participants were 53.9% female with a mean age of 68.3 (SD 9.1) years. Approximately 33.8% were categorized as having moderate-to-more severe OSA. In adjusted analyses, OSA was associated with lower intakes of whole grains, (β = -0.200, SE = 0.072, p < 0.01), higher intakes of red/processed meat, (β = -0.440, SE = 0.136, p < 0.01), and lower overall diet quality (β = -1.286, SE = 0.535, p = 0.02). Stage N3 sleep partially explained the associations between red/processed meat and overall diet quality score with OSA.
Moderate-to-more severe OSA is associated with a less healthy dietary profile that is partially explained by reduced N3 sleep. These findings suggest the opportunity to target sleep quality in interventions aimed at improving cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients with OSA.
尽管睡眠持续时间较短与不健康的饮食模式有关，但对于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与饮食之间的关联知之甚少，OSA 是一种以睡眠碎片化和饮食为特征的疾病。
在动脉粥样硬化多民族研究中研究饮食质量与 OSA 之间的关联，并评估慢波睡眠（N3 期）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠减少是否是这些关联的潜在介导因素。
一个多样化的人群（N=1813）完成了食物频率问卷，并接受了 2 型家庭多导睡眠图检查，其中包括 N3 和 REM 睡眠以及呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）的测量。中重度 OSA 定义为 AHI>15 次/小时。
参与者女性占 53.9%，平均年龄为 68.3（9.1）岁。约 33.8%的人被归类为中重度 OSA。在调整后的分析中，OSA 与全谷物摄入量较低（β=-0.200，SE=0.072，p<0.01）、红肉/加工肉摄入量较高（β=-0.440，SE=0.136，p<0.01）和整体饮食质量较低（β=-1.286，SE=0.535，p=0.02）相关。N3 期睡眠部分解释了红肉/加工肉与 OSA 之间的整体饮食质量评分之间的关联。
中重度 OSA 与不太健康的饮食模式相关，这部分是由 N3 睡眠减少引起的。这些发现表明，在针对 OSA 患者改善心血管代谢风险因素的干预措施中，有机会针对睡眠质量进行干预。
