College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 11;13(1):11245. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37993-2.
Siberian apricot (Prunus sibirica L.) is a woody tree species of ecological, economic, and social importance. To evaluate the genetic diversity, differentiation, and structure of P. sibirica, we analyzed 176 individuals from 10 natural populations using 14 microsatellite markers. These markers generated 194 alleles in total. The mean number of alleles (13.8571) was higher than the mean number of effective alleles (6.4822). The average expected heterozygosity (0.8292) was higher than the average observed heterozygosity (0.3178). Shannon information index and polymorphism information content were separately 2.0610 and 0.8093, demonstrating the rich genetic diversity of P. sibirica. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 85% of the genetic variation occurred within populations, with only 15% among them. The genetic differentiation coefficient and gene flow were separately 0.151 and 1.401, indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation. Clustering results showed that a genetic distance coefficient of 0.6 divided the 10 natural populations into two subgroups (subgroups A and B). STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analysis divided the 176 individuals into two subgroups (clusters 1 and 2). Mantel tests revealed that genetic distance was correlated with geographical distance and elevation differences. These findings can contribute to the effective conservation and management of P. sibirica resources.
西伯利亚杏（Prunus sibirica L.）是一种具有生态、经济和社会重要性的木本树种。为了评估西伯利亚杏的遗传多样性、分化和结构，我们利用 14 个微卫星标记分析了来自 10 个自然种群的 176 个个体。这些标记总共产生了 194 个等位基因。平均等位基因数（13.8571）高于平均有效等位基因数（6.4822）。平均期望杂合度（0.8292）高于平均观测杂合度（0.3178）。Shannon 信息指数和多态信息含量分别为 2.0610 和 0.8093，表明西伯利亚杏具有丰富的遗传多样性。分子方差分析表明，85%的遗传变异发生在种群内，只有 15%发生在种群间。遗传分化系数和基因流分别为 0.151 和 1.401，表明遗传分化程度较高。聚类结果表明，遗传距离系数为 0.6 时，将 10 个自然种群分为两个亚群（亚群 A 和亚群 B）。STRUCTURE 和主坐标分析将 176 个个体分为两个亚群（聚类 1 和聚类 2）。Mantel 检验表明，遗传距离与地理距离和海拔差异有关。这些发现有助于有效保护和管理西伯利亚杏资源。
