Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Theranostics. 2023 Jun 19;13(11):3524-3549. doi: 10.7150/thno.83383. eCollection 2023.
Noise accounts for one-third of hearing loss worldwide. Regretfully, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is deemed to be irreversible due to the elusive pathogenic mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. The complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which influences numerous downstream molecular and cellular events, contributes to the NIHL. In clinical settings, there are no effective therapeutic drugs other than steroids, which are the only treatment option for patients with NIHL. Therefore, the need for treatment of NIHL that is currently unmet, along with recent progress in our understanding of the underlying regulatory mechanisms, has led to a lot of new literatures focusing on this therapeutic field. The emergence of novel technologies that modify local drug delivery to the inner ear has led to the development of promising therapeutic approaches, which are currently under clinical investigation. In this comprehensive review, we focus on outlining and analyzing the basics and potential therapeutics of NIHL, as well as the application of biomaterials and nanomedicines in inner ear drug delivery. The objective of this review is to provide an incentive for NIHL's fundamental research and future clinical translation.
噪声导致了全球三分之一的听力损失。遗憾的是，由于尚未完全阐明的难以捉摸的致病机制，噪声性听力损失（NIHL）被认为是不可逆转的。遗传和环境因素之间的复杂相互作用影响了许多下游的分子和细胞事件，导致了 NIHL。在临床环境中，除了类固醇之外，没有有效的治疗药物，而类固醇是 NIHL 患者的唯一治疗选择。因此，目前需要治疗 NIHL，同时由于我们对潜在调节机制的理解取得了新的进展，这导致了大量新的文献聚焦于这个治疗领域。新型技术的出现改变了内耳局部药物输送，从而开发出了很有前途的治疗方法，这些方法目前正在临床研究中。在这篇全面的综述中，我们重点概述和分析了 NIHL 的基础和潜在治疗方法，以及生物材料和纳米医学在内耳药物输送中的应用。本文的目的是为 NIHL 的基础研究和未来的临床转化提供动力。
