Guerra Eliana, Denti Francesco Carlo, Di Pasquale Cristina, Caroppo Francesca, Angileri Luisa, Cioni Margherita, Parodi Aurora, Fortina Anna Belloni, Ferrucci Silvia, Burlando Martina
Ambulatorio Riabilitazione Enterostomale, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Stoma Care Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jun 21;11(13):1823. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11131823.
Patients with a stoma are at risk of developing peristomal skin complications (PSCs) that can negatively impact their quality of life. This study aims to identify potential risk factors for dermatitis, pruritis/xerosis, infections, and ulcerations among patients with a stoma and evaluate preventive measures. This cross-sectional study involved data regarding 232 Italian patients with a stoma. A questionnaire was used to collect patient characteristics, comorbidities, and stoma management data. The most frequent PSCs observed were dermatitis and pruritis/xerosis in approximately 60% of patients. Psoriasis was strongly correlated with dermatitis, while being overweight or obese increased the risk of pruritis/xerosis. Class 2 obesity and atopic dermatitis were associated with an increased risk of infections. Being underweight, completely nonautonomous, and having inflammatory bowel disease were associated with a higher risk of ulcerations, while radiotherapy was a strong risk factor for ulceration. Preventive measures such as using hydrocolloid barriers, TNT gauze cleansing, and low pH detergent were effective in preventing dermatitis. Appropriate stoma care and maintenance, including the use of protective film and careful monitoring of weight and comorbidities, are crucial in minimizing the risk of complications associated with a stoma.
有造口的患者有发生造口周围皮肤并发症（PSCs）的风险，这些并发症会对他们的生活质量产生负面影响。本研究旨在确定造口患者发生皮炎、瘙痒/干燥、感染和溃疡的潜在风险因素，并评估预防措施。这项横断面研究涉及232名意大利造口患者的数据。使用问卷调查收集患者特征、合并症和造口管理数据。观察到的最常见的PSCs是皮炎和瘙痒/干燥，约60%的患者出现此类情况。银屑病与皮炎密切相关，而超重或肥胖会增加瘙痒/干燥的风险。2级肥胖和特应性皮炎与感染风险增加有关。体重过轻、完全无自理能力以及患有炎症性肠病与溃疡风险较高有关，而放疗是溃疡的一个重要风险因素。使用水胶体屏障、TNT纱布清洁和低pH值洗涤剂等预防措施对预防皮炎有效。适当的造口护理和维护，包括使用保护膜以及仔细监测体重和合并症，对于将与造口相关的并发症风险降至最低至关重要。
