Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Molecules. 2023 Jun 22;28(13):4906. doi: 10.3390/molecules28134906.
(L.) Sch.Bip. () is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, also known as feverfew. It is widely distributed in various regions of Europe and other parts of the world. The plant has a rich background in the traditional medicine of many nations and has been used as a remedy for fever, pain, inflammation, asthma, rheumatism, menstrual disorders, etc. Methods: GC-MS analysis was conducted to determine the chemical composition of the isolated essential oil (EO). Using the method proposed by Litchfield and Wilcoxon, the average lethal dose (LD) of the EO on Wistar rats was determined for two routes of administration: oral (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.). The subacute toxicity of the EO was also tested by oral administration of a daily dose of 1.0 g/kg body weight (BW) for 28 days. The toxicity of the EO was evaluated by observing and evaluating changes in behavior, body weight, basic hematological and serum biochemical parameters, and histopathological changes of the internal organs.
Thirty-seven volatile organic compounds representing 94.58% of the total oil composition were tentatively detected in the obtained EO. The dominant compounds were camphor (45.47%), -chrisantenyl acetate (21.65%), camphene (9.48%), and -isogeraniol (5.42%). The results showed that the EO was not toxic when administered in acute oral doses. The acute mean lethal dose for intraperitoneal administration was LD i.p. = 2.13 g/kg BW. In the subacute study involving administration of an oral dose of EO for 28 days, there were a number of changes in the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of the blood compared with the control group of animals. However, no symptoms of toxicity, changes in the body weight of the rats, death, or pathological changes in the histological indicators of the examined organs-brain, heart, stomach, liver, spleen and kidney-were found. Extrapolating the results obtained from the rat experiments, we can state that the EO is safe for use in doses below 1 g/kgBW for a period not exceeding one month.
（L.） Sch.Bip.（）是一种芳香的多年生植物，属于菊科，也被称为小白菊。它广泛分布于欧洲和世界其他地区的各种地区。该植物在许多国家的传统医学中具有丰富的背景，被用作发热、疼痛、炎症、哮喘、风湿、月经失调等的治疗方法。
采用 GC-MS 分析方法确定分离出的精油（EO）的化学成分。采用 Litchfield 和 Wilcoxon 提出的方法，确定 EO 对 Wistar 大鼠经口（p.o.）和腹腔（i.p.）给药的平均致死剂量（LD）。还通过口服每日剂量为 1.0 g/kg 体重（BW），连续 28 天，测试 EO 的亚急性毒性。通过观察和评估行为、体重、基本血液学和血清生化参数以及内部器官的组织病理学变化，评估 EO 的毒性。
在获得的 EO 中，共检测到 37 种挥发性有机化合物，占总油成分的 94.58%。主要成分有樟脑（45.47%）、-chrisantenyl 乙酸酯（21.65%）、莰烯（9.48%）和-β-异香叶醇（5.42%）。结果表明，EO 在急性口服剂量下没有毒性。腹腔给药的急性平均致死剂量为 LD i.p. = 2.13 g/kg BW。在为期 28 天的口服 EO 亚急性研究中，与动物对照组相比，血液的血液学和血清生化参数发生了一些变化。然而，没有发现毒性症状、大鼠体重变化、死亡或检查器官-大脑、心脏、胃、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的组织学指标的病理变化。从大鼠实验中得出的结果推断，EO 在不超过一个月的时间内，以低于 1 g/kgBW 的剂量使用是安全的。
