Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland.
Molecules. 2023 Jul 3;28(13):5178. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135178.
Red clover is a raw material of interest primarily due to its isoflavone content. However, other groups of compounds may affect the pleiotropic biological effects of this raw material. It is used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but the fact that there are many varieties of this plant that can be grown makes it necessary to compare the biological activity and phytochemical composition of this plant. Also of interest are the differences between the leaves and flowers of the plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of the leaves and flowers of six clover varieties-'Tenia', 'Atlantis', 'Milena', 'Magellan', 'Lemmon' and 'Lucrum'-with respect to their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, lipase, collagenase and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the contents of polyphenols and the four main isoflavones-genistein, daidzein, biochanin and formononetin-were assessed. The study was complemented by testing for permeability through a model membrane system (PAMPA). Principal component analysis (PCA) identified a relationship between activity and the content of active compounds. It was concluded that antioxidant activity, inhibition of glucosidase, collagenase and lipase are not correlated with isoflavone content. A higher content of total polyphenols (TPC) was determined in the flowers of red clover while a higher content of isoflavones was determined in the leaves of almost every variety. The exception is the 'Lemmon' variety, characterized by high isoflavone content and high activity in the tests conducted.
红车轴草主要因其异黄酮含量而成为人们感兴趣的原料。然而，其他化合物群可能会影响该原料的多效生物效应。它被用于缓解更年期症状，但由于有许多品种的这种植物可以种植，因此有必要比较该植物的生物活性和植物化学成分。该植物的叶子和花朵之间的差异也很有研究价值。本研究的目的是评估六种红车轴草品种（“Tenia”、“Atlantis”、“Milena”、“Magellan”、“Lemmon”和“Lucrum”）的叶子和花朵的特性，评估其抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶、脂肪酶、胶原酶和抗氧化活性的能力。因此，评估了多酚和四种主要异黄酮（染料木黄酮、大豆苷元、大豆黄素和芒柄花素）的含量。研究还通过模型膜系统（PAMPA）测试进行了通透性测试。主成分分析（PCA）确定了活性与活性化合物含量之间的关系。结论是抗氧化活性、葡萄糖苷酶、胶原酶和脂肪酶抑制与异黄酮含量不相关。红车轴草的花中总多酚（TPC）含量较高，而几乎每种品种的叶子中异黄酮含量都较高。例外的是“Lemmon”品种，其特征是在进行的测试中具有高异黄酮含量和高活性。
