Bonasia Anna, Conversa Giulia, Lazzizera Corrado, Elia Antonio
Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;12(13):2579. doi: 10.3390/plants12132579.
In the globe artichoke, both the edible portion and the waste biomass are recognized as valuable sources of bioactive compounds. For this study, heads with 30 cm-long floral stems including two to three leaves were harvested from five genotypes, which included two traditional vegetative-propagated varietal types ("Brindisino" and "Violetto di Foggia") and three "seed"-propagated hybrids ("Tempo", "Opal", and "Madrigal"). The study aimed to determine the total and individual polyphenolic concentrations (measured spectrophotometrically and using HPLC) and antioxidant activity (AA) in different artichoke parts, namely the "hearts" (H), head waste (HW), stem waste (SW), and leaf waste (LW). "Brindisino" SW exhibited the highest accumulation of luteolin (26,317 mg kg F.W.), while "Tempo" H displayed the highest cynarin content (190 mg kg F.W.). "Tempo" HW and H showed the highest levels of apigenin (640 mg kg F.W.), and the greatest source of chlorogenic acid was found in the HW of "Opal" and the H of "Brindisino" (4300 mg kg F.W.). The hybrids generally exhibited lower total polyphenolic concentrations than the traditional genotypes, particularly evident in the LW. The SW demonstrated the highest concentration of total polyphenols (18,000 mg kg F.W.), followed by the edible H and non-edible HW (12,000 mg kg F.W.), while the LW exhibited the lowest concentration (2000 mg kg F.W.). Interestingly, the AA did not precisely align with the total polyphenolic concentration, showing slight variations between the examined parts and genotypes.
在球茎甘蓝中，可食用部分和废弃生物质均被视为生物活性化合物的宝贵来源。在本研究中，从五个基因型中收获了带有30厘米长花茎且包含两到三片叶子的花球，这五个基因型包括两种传统无性繁殖品种类型（“布林迪西诺”和“福贾紫”）以及三个“种子”繁殖的杂交品种（“坦波”、“蛋白石”和“马德里加尔”）。该研究旨在测定不同球茎甘蓝部位，即“球茎心”（H）、花球废弃物（HW）、茎部废弃物（SW）和叶片废弃物（LW）中的总多酚浓度和单个多酚浓度（通过分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定）以及抗氧化活性（AA）。“布林迪西诺”的SW中木犀草素积累量最高（26317毫克/千克鲜重），而“坦波”的H中绿原酸含量最高（190毫克/千克鲜重）。“坦波”的HW和H中芹菜素含量最高（640毫克/千克鲜重），而绿原酸的最大来源是“蛋白石”的HW和“布林迪西诺”的H（4300毫克/千克鲜重）。杂交品种的总多酚浓度通常低于传统基因型，在LW中尤为明显。SW的总多酚浓度最高（18000毫克/千克鲜重），其次是可食用的H和不可食用的HW（12000毫克/千克鲜重），而LW的浓度最低（2000毫克/千克鲜重）。有趣的是，AA与总多酚浓度并非完全一致，在所检测的部位和基因型之间存在细微差异。
